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장고 ORM 요리책

(렌더링 된 문서: https://django-orm-cookbook-ko.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)

장고 ORM 요리책은 장고를 이용한 다양한 레시피(조리법)를 담은 책입니다. 장고 ORM/쿼리셋으로 ~을 하려면 어떻게 하나요? 하는 50여 개의 질문과 답을 담고 있습니다.

이 책에서는 전체 주제 공통으로 아래에서 설명하는 데이터 모델을 이용합니다.

실습용 모델 준비

여러분은 장고를 이용하여 UMSRA의 연구원들이 사용할 모델과 관리자 뷰(admin)를 제작하는 중입니다. 여러분은 프로젝트를 개체를 나타내는 entities 앱과 사건을 나타내는 events 앱 두 개로 나누어 작성하게 되었습니다. 그리고 각 앱의 모델을 다음과 같이 준비했습니다. (지금 자세히 보지 않아도 됩니다. 책을 보다가 필요할 때 참고해주세요.)

Events 앱의 모델

from django.db import models
from django.utils.text import slugify
from entities.models import Hero, Villain
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
import uuid


class Epic(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    participating_heroes = models.ManyToManyField(Hero)
    participating_villains = models.ManyToManyField(Villain)


class Event(models.Model):
    id = models.UUIDField(primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False)
    epic = models.ForeignKey(Epic, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    details = models.TextField()
    years_ago = models.PositiveIntegerField()


class EventHero(models.Model):
    event = models.ForeignKey(Event, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    hero = models.ForeignKey(Hero, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    is_primary = models.BooleanField()


class EventVillain(models.Model):
    event = models.ForeignKey(Event, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    hero = models.ForeignKey(Villain, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    is_primary = models.BooleanField()


class UserParent(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(
        User,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
        primary_key=True,
    )
    father_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    mother_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)


class Article(models.Model):
    headline = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    pub_date = models.DateField()
    reporter = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='reporter')
    slug = models.SlugField()

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.slug = slugify(self.headline)
        super(Article, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.headline

    class Meta:
        ordering = ('headline',)


class TempUser(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = "temp_user"


class ColumnName(models.Model):
    a = models.CharField(max_length=40,db_column='column1')
    column2 = models.CharField(max_length=50)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.a

Entities 앱의 모델

from django.db import models

from django.conf import settings


class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "Categories"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Origin(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Entity(models.Model):
    GENDER_MALE = "Male"
    GENDER_FEMALE = "Female"
    GENDER_OTHERS = "Others/Unknown"

    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    alternative_name = models.CharField(
        max_length=100, null=True, blank=True
    )

    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    origin = models.ForeignKey(Origin, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    gender = models.CharField(
        max_length=100,
        choices=(
            (GENDER_MALE, GENDER_MALE),
            (GENDER_FEMALE, GENDER_FEMALE),
            (GENDER_OTHERS, GENDER_OTHERS),
        )
    )
    description = models.TextField()

    added_by = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
        null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
    added_on = models.DateField(auto_now=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        abstract = True


class Hero(Entity):

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "Heroes"

    is_immortal = models.BooleanField(default=True)

    benevolence_factor = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
        help_text="How benevolent this hero is?"
    )
    arbitrariness_factor = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
        help_text="How arbitrary this hero is?"
    )

    headshot = models.ImageField(null=True, blank=True, upload_to="hero_headshots/")

    # relationships
    father = models.ForeignKey(
        "self", related_name="children", null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL
    )
    mother = models.ForeignKey(
        "self", related_name="+", null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL
    )
    spouse = models.ForeignKey(
        "self", related_name="+", null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL
    )


class HeroProxy(Hero):

    class Meta:
        proxy = True


class Villain(Entity):
    is_immortal = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    malevolence_factor = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
        help_text="How malevolent this villain is?"
    )
    power_factor = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
        help_text="How powerful this villain is?"
    )
    is_unique = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    count = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=1)


class HeroAcquaintance(models.Model):
    "Non family contacts of a Hero"
    hero = models.OneToOneField(Hero, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    friends = models.ManyToManyField(Hero, related_name="+")
    detractors = models.ManyToManyField(Hero, related_name="+")
    main_anatagonists = models.ManyToManyField(Villain, related_name="+")


class AllEntity(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = "entities_entity"