[docs] Document logging options

[mshustov]

scope:

• slf4j compatibility
• log deps
• log levels
• configuration

@mzitnik example with logback-classic:

<dependency>
  <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
  <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.6</version>
</dependency>

<configuration debug="false">
    <appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%date [%level] %logger - %msg %n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <root level="DEBUG">
        <appender-ref ref="stdout"/>
    </root>
</configuration>

an example from js client: https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/integrations/javascript#logging-nodejs-only