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The trace command lists the data exchange by the proxmark3 and a tag or a reader in human readable form.
With trace list a table is shown which gives timing information, the src of the data bytes, the transmitted/received bytes itself, a check if the CRC was correct and some decoding of the command.
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The Start and the End coloumn lists timestamps when the transmission of the shown data started (time of first bit) and when it ended (end of last modulation).
The unit for this time information depends on the protocol in use:
- ISO14443A and Thinfilm: all times are in carrier periods (1/13.56MHz)
- For Legic timing information depends also on direction:
- Reader Mode: Timings are in ticks (1us == 1.5ticks)
- Tag Mode: Timings are in sub carrier periods (1/212 kHz == 4.7us)
- Hitag1 / Hitag2 / HitagS: Elementary Time Unit (ETU) is 8µs
- iClass, ISO15693, ISO18092 and FeliCa have no accurate timing information at the moment
- For others timing is not available
By specifing the option f (e.g. trace list 14a f) the frame delay times are shown. (So you don't have to do the math by your own).
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If the data is marked as a response the source is shown as Tag. Otherwise it is marked as Reader (Rdr).
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This coloumn show the raw bytes trasmitted over the air. With option c CRC bytes are marked in square brackets.
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Marks if the transmitted CRC matches with the calculated CRC.
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Annotations provide a rough decoding of the transmitted data. For ISO14443A a more detailed decoding is available with Wireshark (s. next chapter)
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The binary format for the dynamic tracelog is as following.
/*
Traceformat:
32 bits timestamp (little endian)
16 bits duration (little endian)
15 bits data length (little endian) (0x7FFF)
1 bit isResponse (0=reader to tag, 1=tag to reader)
data length Bytes data
x Bytes parity, where x == ceil(data length/8)
*/
typedef struct {
uint32_t timestamp;
uint16_t duration;
uint16_t data_len : 15;
bool isResponse : 1;
uint8_t frame[];
// data_len bytes of data
// ceil(data_len/8) bytes of parity
} PACKED tracelog_hdr_t;
#define TRACELOG_HDR_LEN sizeof(tracelog_hdr_t)
#define TRACELOG_PARITY_LEN(x) (((x)->data_len - 1) / 8 + 1)
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To get a more detailed explanation of the transmitted data for ISO14443A traces the output can be converted to a pcapng file to read it with Wireshark.
To do so
- use
trace list 14a x - copy the output (starting with the timestamp) into a textfile
- run
text2pcap -t "%S." -l 264 -n <input-text-file> <output-pcapng-file> - now open your pcapng file in Wireshark or read it with the CLI version
tshark
An example frame
with trace list 14a:
19072 | 29536 | Rdr |93 70 88 04 cf ff bc 7f bb | ok | SELECT_UID
the same data with tshark -r foo.pcapng -V -x:
Frame 5: 13 bytes on wire (104 bits), 13 bytes captured (104 bits) on interface 0
Interface id: 0 (unknown)
Interface name: unknown
Encapsulation type: ISO 14443 contactless smartcard standards (177)
Arrival Time: Aug 17, 2019 23:17:00.000002606 CEST
[Time shift for this packet: 0.000000000 seconds]
Epoch Time: 1566076620.000002606 seconds
[Time delta from previous captured frame: 0.000000840 seconds]
[Time delta from previous displayed frame: 0.000000840 seconds]
[Time since reference or first frame: 0.000001907 seconds]
Frame Number: 5
Frame Length: 13 bytes (104 bits)
Capture Length: 13 bytes (104 bits)
[Frame is marked: False]
[Frame is ignored: False]
[Protocols in frame: iso14443]
ISO 14443
Pseudo header
Version: 0x00
Event: Data transfer PCD -> PICC (0xfe)
Length field: 9
Message: Select
SEL: 0x93
NVB: 0x70
CT: 0x88
UID_CLn: 04cfff
BCC: 0xbc
CRC: 0xbb7f [correct]
[CRC Status: Good]
0000 00 fe 00 09 93 70 88 04 cf ff bc 7f bb .....p.......
If the Wireshark ISO14443a dissector is missing some commands or needs some other rework please file a bug.