| Gaps in Streams |
Power at small scale |
Increasing number of streams; large distances less suceptible to disk baryons |
Gaia; spec. follow-up; WFIRST |
subhalo disruption by disk; gaps from baryons |
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| Potential from Streams |
Halo shape |
Increasing number of streams |
spectroscopy; Gaia; WFIRST |
perturbation from large accretion events (MW history); non-equilibrium dynamics |
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| Colliding Clusters |
self-interaction cross section |
Finding colliding clusters; weak-lensing mass mapping; galaxy centroids; gas distribution and mass |
chandra/xmm/erosita; w-first; SPT/ACT |
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| Cluster weak lensing mass |
decay/annihilation |
finding clusters; weak lensing mass profiles |
x-rays |
agn feedback; mergers (non-equilibrium); Baryon emission lines |
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| Cluster galaxy and weak lensing mass profiles |
halo shape |
finding clusters; deep cluster galaxy catalog; weak lensing mass profiles |
|
shape & intrinsic alignment of galaxies |
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| Combined probes of cluster central mass profiles |
self-interaction |
finding clusters; weak lensing mass profiles; galaxy profiles; dynamics of "wobbbling" BCGs; targets for velocity dispersion spectroscopy |
spectroscopy |
shape & intrinsic alignment of galaxies; photometry de-blending |
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| Combined probes of cluster outer mass profiles (splashback radius) |
self-interaction |
finding clusters; weak lensing mass profiles; galaxy profiles; |
X-ray, spt/act for gas profiles |
shape & intrinsic alignment of galaxies |
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| Cluster strong lensing |
halo shape; self-interaction; sustructure (higher mass scale) |
finding clusters and lenses; galaxy profiles; |
mass-to-light ratios; gas/baryon distribution and mass; mergers and equilibrium |
|
|
| Galaxy-Galaxy strong lensing |
small scale structure; shape of main halo; dark matter distribution |
finding lenses |
ALMA, HST/JWST, w-firt/euclid, spectroscopy |
baryon distribution; substructure disruption |
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| Strong lensing time-domain |
small scale; density profile of substructure (?) |
finding lenses; monitoring lenses |
high-cadence photometry; ALMA, HST/JWST, w-firt/euclid, spectroscopy |
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|
| micro-lensing |
MACHO dark matter; dark baryons |
long baseline microlensing searches; |
high-cadence photometry; spectroscopy (bright stars); Gaia |
dark baryons |
|
| Local stellar kinematics |
Local dark matter density |
proper motions; stellar photometry; |
Gaia/ESO; DM direct detection; deep massively multiplexed spectrograph |
|
|
| Halo tracer kinematics |
Halo shape |
finding distant tracers (RR Lyrae; BHBs; giants; satellites; Cepheids?); tracers in other galaxies |
spectroscopy |
dynamical non-equilibrium; substructure |
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| Lyman Alpha forest |
small scale structure; small scale cutoff mass |
finding z > 2 quasars; close quasar pairs |
deep spectroscopy |
reionization |
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| Low-luminosity field galaxies |
field halo abundance and density (too big to fail in the field) |
Finding low luminosity galaxies |
HST (star formation); spectroscopy (where available) |
galaxy formation; distances |
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| Satellites galaxy abundances |
small scale substructure; cutoff mass; annihilation cross section |
finding; characterizing; proper motion |
spectrsocopy; Gaia; gamma rays; x-rays |
galaxy formation; disruption by host; confusion with star clusters |
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| Satellite galaxy densities |
self-interaction; temperature; annihilation cross section |
finding satellite galaxies; proper motions to break anisotropy for nearby satellites; |
Gaia; spectroscopy; gamma ray/x-ray |
supernova feeback; reionization physics |
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| Wide binary/star cluster stability |
density profiles; MACHOs; substructure |
Finding wide binaries/star clusters |
spectroscopy; JWST/HST |
initial population; constraint not discovery |
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