UniqueIDUtil.java

package common.utils;

/*
twitter的snowflake算法 -- java实现
 */
public class UniqueIDUtil {
    /**
     * 起始的时间戳
     */
    private final static long START_STAMP = 1576812541914L;

    /**
     * 每一部分占用的位数
     */
    private final static long SEQUENCE_BIT = 12; //序列号占用的位数
    private final static long MACHINE_BIT = 5;   //机器标识占用的位数
    private final static long DATACENTER_BIT = 5;//数据中心占用的位数

    /**
     * 每一部分的最大值
     */
    private final static long MAX_DATACENTER_NUM = -1L ^ (-1L << DATACENTER_BIT);
    private final static long MAX_MACHINE_NUM = -1L ^ (-1L << MACHINE_BIT);
    private final static long MAX_SEQUENCE = -1L ^ (-1L << SEQUENCE_BIT);

    /**
     * 每一部分向左的位移
     */
    private final static long MACHINE_LEFT = SEQUENCE_BIT;
    private final static long DATACENTER_LEFT = SEQUENCE_BIT + MACHINE_BIT;
    private final static long TIMESTAMP_LEFT = DATACENTER_LEFT + DATACENTER_BIT;
    // 使用一个类变量来缓存曾经创建的实例
    private static UniqueIDUtil instance;
    private long dataCenterId;  //数据中心
    private long machineId;     //机器标识
    private long sequence = 0L; //序列号
    private long lastStamp = -1L;//上一次时间戳

    private UniqueIDUtil(long dataCenterId, long machineId) {
        if (dataCenterId > MAX_DATACENTER_NUM || dataCenterId < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("dataCenterId can't be greater than MAX_DATACENTER_NUM or less than 0");
        }
        if (machineId > MAX_MACHINE_NUM || machineId < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("machineId can't be greater than MAX_MACHINE_NUM or less than 0");
        }
        this.dataCenterId = dataCenterId;
        this.machineId = machineId;
    }

    private UniqueIDUtil() {
        this.dataCenterId = 0;
        this.machineId = 0;
    }

    // 提供一个静态方法，用于返回Singleton实例
    // 该方法可以加入自定义的控制，保证只产生一个Singleton对象
    public static UniqueIDUtil getInstance() {
        // 如果instance为null，表明还不曾创建Singleton对象
        // 如果instance不为null，则表明已经创建了Singleton对象，
        // 将不会重新创建新的实例
        if (instance == null) {
            // 创建一个Singleton对象，并将其缓存起来
            instance = new UniqueIDUtil();
        }
        return instance;
    }

    public static UniqueIDUtil getInstance(long dataCenterId, long machineId) {
        // 如果instance为null，表明还不曾创建Singleton对象
        // 如果instance不为null，则表明已经创建了Singleton对象，
        // 将不会重新创建新的实例
        if (instance == null) {
            // 创建一个Singleton对象，并将其缓存起来
            instance = new UniqueIDUtil(dataCenterId, machineId);
        }
        return instance;
    }

    /**
     * 产生下一个ID
     *
     * @return
     */
    public synchronized long nextId() {
        long currStamp = getNewStamp();
        if (currStamp < lastStamp) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Clock moved backwards.  Refusing to generate id");
        }

        if (currStamp == lastStamp) {
            //相同毫秒内，序列号自增
            sequence = (sequence + 1) & MAX_SEQUENCE;
            //同一毫秒的序列数已经达到最大
            if (sequence == 0L) {
                currStamp = getNextMill();
            }
        } else {
            //不同毫秒内，序列号置为0
            sequence = 0L;
        }

        lastStamp = currStamp;

        return (currStamp - START_STAMP) << TIMESTAMP_LEFT //时间戳部分
                | dataCenterId << DATACENTER_LEFT       //数据中心部分
                | machineId << MACHINE_LEFT             //机器标识部分
                | sequence;                             //序列号部分
    }

    private long getNextMill() {
        long mill = getNewStamp();
        while (mill <= lastStamp) {
            mill = getNewStamp();
        }
        return mill;
    }

    private long getNewStamp() {
        return System.currentTimeMillis();
    }

}