Implementing Pull to Refresh Guide

Overview

In Android, the common "pull to refresh" UX concept is not built in to a ListView. However, many Android applications would like to make use of this concept for their feeds. This is useful for all sorts of feeds such as a Twitter timeline. This effect can be achieved using the SwipeRefreshLayout from the support library, which was recently introduced and back-ported to all versions down to Android API level 4.

 

Using SwipeRefreshLayout

SwipeRefreshLayout is a ViewGroup that can hold only one scrollable view as a child. This can be either a ScrollView or an AdapterView such as a ListView or a RecyclerView.

Note: This layout only exists within more recent versions of support-v4 as explained in this post. Edit your app/build.gradle file to include a support library later than version 19:

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

//...

dependencies {
    // ...
    compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:24.2.1'
}

Make sure your support library is up to date through the Android Studio SDK Manager:

1. Open the SDK Manager from Android Studio with Tools -> Android -> SDK Manager
2. The support library is under "Extras"

Once you have a recent version support library installed (v22 or higher), then we can safely continue.

ListView with SwipeRefreshLayout

Step 1: Wrap ListView

We can use this by first wrapping the scrollable view with a SwipeRefreshLayout in the XML layout:

<android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/swipeContainer"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

  <ListView
      android:id="@+id/lvItems"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
      android:layout_alignParentTop="true" >
  </ListView>

</android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout>

Step 2: Setup SwipeRefreshLayout

Next, we need to configure the SwipeRefreshLayout during view initialization in the activity:

public class TimelineActivity extends Activity {
    private SwipeRefreshLayout swipeContainer;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        // Only ever call `setContentView` once right at the top
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        // Lookup the swipe container view
        swipeContainer = (SwipeRefreshLayout) findViewById(R.id.swipeContainer);
        // Setup refresh listener which triggers new data loading
        swipeContainer.setOnRefreshListener(new OnRefreshListener() {
            @Override
            public void onRefresh() {
                // Your code to refresh the list here.
                // Make sure you call swipeContainer.setRefreshing(false)
                // once the network request has completed successfully.
                fetchTimelineAsync(0);
            } 
        });
        // Configure the refreshing colors
        swipeContainer.setColorSchemeResources(android.R.color.holo_blue_bright, 
                android.R.color.holo_green_light, 
                android.R.color.holo_orange_light, 
                android.R.color.holo_red_light);
    }

    public void fetchTimelineAsync(int page) {
        // Send the network request to fetch the updated data
        // `client` here is an instance of Android Async HTTP
        // getHomeTimeline is an example endpoint.

        client.getHomeTimeline(0, new JsonHttpResponseHandler() {
            public void onSuccess(JSONArray json) {
                // Remember to CLEAR OUT old items before appending in the new ones
                adapter.clear();
                // ...the data has come back, add new items to your adapter...
                adapter.addAll(...);
                // Now we call setRefreshing(false) to signal refresh has finished
                swipeContainer.setRefreshing(false);
            }

            public void onFailure(Throwable e) {
                Log.d("DEBUG", "Fetch timeline error: " + e.toString());
            }
        });
    }
}

Note that upon successful reload, we must also signal that the refresh has completed by calling setRefreshing(false). Also note that you should clear out old items before appending the new ones during a refresh.

Having issues? Be sure to check out the troubleshooting tips if you are running into issues with swipe to refresh.

RecyclerView with SwipeRefreshLayout

Step 1: Wrap RecyclerView

Just like the previous section, wrap the scrollable view, in this case a RecyclerView with a SwipeRefreshLayout in the XML layout:

<android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/swipeContainer"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

  <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
      android:id="@+id/rvItems"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
      android:layout_alignParentTop="true" />

</android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout>

Step 2: Update RecyclerView.Adapter

Make sure to have helper methods in your RecyclerView adapter to clear items from the underlying dataset or add items to it.

/* Within the RecyclerView.Adapter class */

// Clean all elements of the recycler
public void clear() { 
    items.clear(); 
    notifyDataSetChanged(); 
}

// Add a list of items
public void addAll(List<list> list) { 
    items.addAll(list); 
    notifyDataSetChanged(); 
}

Step 3: Setup SwipeRefreshLayout

Next, we need to configure the SwipeRefreshLayout during view initialization in the activity. The activity that instantiates SwipeRefreshLayout should add an OnRefreshListener to be notified whenever the swipe to refresh gesture is completed.

The SwipeRefreshLayout will notify the listener each and every time the gesture is completed again; the listener is responsible for correctly determining when to actually initiate a refresh of its content.

You can do this the same way you can configure the SwipeRefreshLayout for a ListView as shown in Setup SwipeRefreshLayout section.

Troubleshooting

If you aren't able to get the swipe to refresh working, check the following tips:

• Did you accidentally call setContentView twice? Ensure that inside your activity, you've only called setContentView once as the 2nd line of your onCreate method.

• Did you invoke setRefreshing(false) after data finished loading? With the swipe to refresh control, you are responsible for notifying the system once the new data has been loaded into the list. You must make sure to invoke setRefreshing only after the data has come back and not before. This means if you are loading data from the network, calling this within the onSuccess method.

• Did you clear out the old items before updating the list? Make sure that in order for the new items to be displayed that you clear the list of any old items if needed. In other words, if you are replacing items in the list with new versions, be sure to remove the old versions from the adapter first with adapter.clear();

• Are you using CoordinatorLayout? If you are using a CoordinatorLayout to manage scrolling, be sure to move the app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior" property to the SwipeRefreshLayout rather than the child RecyclerView or ListView.

References

• http://antonioleiva.com/swiperefreshlayout/