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(Not So) Smart Pallets

This repository contains examples of common Substrate pallet vulnerabilities. Use Not So Smart Pallets to learn about Substrate vulnerabilities, as a reference when performing security reviews, and as a benchmark for security and analysis tools.

Features

Each Not So Smart Pallet includes a standard set of information:

  • Description of the vulnerability type
  • Attack scenarios to exploit the vulnerability
  • Recommendations to eliminate or mitigate the vulnerability
  • A mock pallet that exhibits the flaw
  • References to third-party resources with more information

Vulnerabilities

Not So Smart Pallet Description
Arithmetic overflow Integer overflow due to incorrect use of arithmetic operators
Don't panic! System panics create a potential DoS attack vector
Weights and fees Incorrect weight calculations can create a potential DoS attack vector
Verify first Verify first, write last
Unsigned transaction validation Insufficient validation of unsigned transactions
Bad randomness Unsafe sources of randomness in Substrate
Bad origin Incorrect use of call origin can lead to bypassing access controls

Credits

These examples are developed and maintained by Trail of Bits.

If you have questions, problems, or just want to learn more, then join the #ethereum channel on the Empire Hacking Slack or contact us directly.