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Adds documentation for gRPC Client in SE. (#9440)
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Signed-off-by: Santiago Pericas-Geertsen <santiago.pericasgeertsen@oracle.com>
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spericas authored and barchetta committed Nov 4, 2024
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171 changes: 167 additions & 4 deletions docs/src/main/asciidoc/se/grpc/client.adoc
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Copyright (c) 2019, 2023 Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Copyright (c) 2019, 2024 Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
Expand All @@ -27,10 +27,173 @@ include::{rootdir}/includes/se.adoc[]
== Contents
- <<Overview, Overview>>
- <<Maven Coordinates, Maven Coordinates>>
- <<Usage, Usage>>
** <<Generated Stubs, Generated Stubs>>
** <<Service Descriptors, Service Descriptors>>
** <<Client URI Suppliers, Client URI Suppliers>>
** <<gRPC Interceptors, gRPC Interceptors>>
- <<Configuration, Configuration>>
== Overview
gRPC client is temporarily removed from Helidon, please follow issue
https://github.com/helidon-io/helidon/issues/5418
The Helidon gRPC client API is part of the WebClient API, but with specific support to
invoke remote procedures and to register handlers for responses. All four types of gRPC
calls are supported: unary, bi-directional, client stream and server stream. A
Helidon gRPC client can be configured either using generated stubs (the most popular
option) or using manually crafted service descriptors.
include::{rootdir}/includes/dependencies.adoc[]
[source,xml]
----
<dependency>
<groupId>io.helidon.webclient</groupId>
<artifactId>helidon-webclient-grpc</artifactId>
</dependency>
----
== Usage
=== Generated Stubs
A Helidon gRPC client can be configured from generated protobuf stubs. In what follows,
we shall use the following proto file and the corresponding stubs generated using
the `protoc` command:
[source, proto]
----
syntax = "proto3";
option java_package = "my.package";
service StringService {
rpc Upper (StringMessage) returns (StringMessage) {}
rpc Split (StringMessage) returns (stream StringMessage) {}
}
message StringMessage {
string text = 1;
}
----
The gRPC protocol runs on top of HTTP/2, and as such requires TLS configuration to
establish a connection. Thus, the first step is to configure TLS as shown next:
[source,java]
----
include::{sourcedir}/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java[tag=snippet_1, indent=0]
----
After creating a `Tls` instance, a `WebClient` can be created as follows:
[source,java]
----
include::{sourcedir}/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java[tag=snippet_2, indent=0]
----
So far, this is all the same as for accessing any protected REST endpoint; the
next step is to obtain a gRPC client stub using our newly created client.
This can be accomplished by _switching_ the client protocol to gRPC, and
using its channel to create a stub:
[source,java]
----
include::{sourcedir}/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java[tag=snippet_3, indent=0]
----
Once a stub is created, it can be used to invoke any of its declared
methods, such as `upper` to uppercase a string:
[source,java]
----
include::{sourcedir}/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java[tag=snippet_4, indent=0]
----
When it comes to invoking a method that can return more than one value,
there are two options: it can block (we are using virtual theads after all!)
and return back an `Iterator` or you can provide a `StreamObserver` as it
is more commonly done when using gRPC. Let's consider the case of the
`split` method that breaks up a sentence into individual words, and
can thus return multiple string messages.
Using an iterator as a result:
[source,java]
----
include::{sourcedir}/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java[tag=snippet_5, indent=0]
----
Passing a stream observer and collecting all the messages into a `Future`
that returns an iterator:
[source,java]
----
include::{sourcedir}/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java[tag=snippet_6, indent=0]
----
=== Service Descriptors
Service descriptors are an alternative to using generated stubs and the
`protoc` compiler. A service descriptor provides service meta-data to the
WebClient for the purpose of carrying out invocations. The descriptor
includes, the service name, and a description of each service method,
including its type, what it accepts and what it returns.
The following is a descriptor for a service that includes the methods
called in the previous section using a stub:
[source,java]
----
include::{sourcedir}/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java[tag=snippet_7, indent=0]
----
Configuring a `WebClient` with `Tls` is done in the same manner as shown
above for the stub case. Once the gRPC client is created, a service
descriptor can be provided, and a method invoked using the methods
`unary`, `clientStream`, `serverStream` or `bidi`. For example,
[source,java]
----
include::{sourcedir}/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java[tag=snippet_8, indent=0]
----
=== Client URI Suppliers
A `ClientURISupplier` can be used to dynamically obtain a sequence of `ClientUri`
instances to access when executing a gRPC request. If a client URI supplier is
configured, the Helidon gRPC implementation will attempt to connect to each
endpoint one by one, in the order provided, until a connection is successfully
established. This feature is useful in certain environments in which more than one
identical server is available, but with some potentially unavailable or unreachable.
A few common implementations are provided in `ClientUriSuppliers`. These include
suppliers for strategies such as random, round-robin, among others. Applications
can either use one of the built-in suppliers or create their own.
The following example configures a round-robin supplier using a collection
of known servers:
[source,java]
----
include::{sourcedir}/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java[tag=snippet_9, indent=0]
----
If both a base URI and a client URI supplier are configured, the latter will
take precendence over the former.
=== gRPC Interceptors
The gRPC API supports the notion of an interceptor on a channel. Interceptors are
useful to implement cross-cutting concerns that apply to many or all invocations.
These may include security, logging, metrics, etc. They can be specified directly
on the channel returned by a `GrpcClient`, effectively _wrapping_ that channel
with a list of interceptors to execute on every invocation.
[source,java]
----
include::{sourcedir}/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java[tag=snippet_10, indent=0]
----
== Configuration
TLS can be configured externally, just like it is done when using the
WebClient to access an HTTP endpoint. For more information see
https://helidon.io/docs/v4/se/webclient#_configuring_the_webclient[Configuring the WebClient].
If you require gRPC client, either stay with a previous version of Helidon, or allow us to finish fixing the issue above.
189 changes: 189 additions & 0 deletions docs/src/main/java/io/helidon/docs/se/grpc/ClientSnippets.java
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/*
* Copyright (c) 2024 Oracle and/or its affiliates.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package io.helidon.docs.se.grpc;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import io.helidon.common.configurable.Resource;
import io.helidon.common.tls.Tls;
import io.helidon.config.Config;
import io.helidon.webclient.api.WebClient;
import io.helidon.webclient.api.ClientUri;
import io.helidon.webclient.grpc.GrpcClient;
import io.helidon.webserver.WebServer;
import io.helidon.webserver.grpc.GrpcRouting;
import io.helidon.webserver.grpc.GrpcService;
import io.helidon.webclient.grpc.GrpcServiceDescriptor;
import io.helidon.webclient.grpc.GrpcClientMethodDescriptor;
import io.helidon.webclient.grpc.ClientUriSupplier;
import io.helidon.webclient.grpc.ClientUriSuppliers.RoundRobinSupplier;

import com.google.protobuf.Descriptors;
import io.grpc.Channel;
import io.grpc.stub.StreamObserver;
import io.grpc.ClientInterceptor;

import static io.helidon.grpc.core.ResponseHelper.complete;

@SuppressWarnings("ALL")
class ClientSnippets {

class StringServiceGrpc {

class StringServiceBlockingStub {
Strings.StringMessage upper(Strings.StringMessage msg) {
return null;
}
Iterator<Strings.StringMessage> split(Strings.StringMessage msg) {
return null;
}
void split(Strings.StringMessage msg, StreamObserver<?> observer) {
}
}

static StringServiceGrpc.StringServiceBlockingStub newBlockingStub(Channel c) {
return null;
}
}

class Strings {

class StringMessage {
String getText() {
return null;
}
}
}

Strings.StringMessage newMessage(String s) {
return null;
}

ClientUri[] myServers() {
return null;
}

List<ClientInterceptor> myInterceptors() {
return null;
}

void snippets() {
// tag::snippet_1[]
Tls clientTls = Tls.builder()
.trust(trust -> trust
.keystore(store -> store
.passphrase("password")
.trustStore(true)
.keystore(Resource.create("client.p12"))))
.build();
// end::snippet_1[]

// tag::snippet_2[]
WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder()
.tls(clientTls)
.baseUri("https://localhost:8080")
.build();
// end::snippet_2[]

// tag::snippet_3[]
GrpcClient grpcClient = webClient.client(GrpcClient.PROTOCOL);
StringServiceGrpc.StringServiceBlockingStub service =
StringServiceGrpc.newBlockingStub(grpcClient.channel());
// end::snippet_3[]

// tag::snippet_4[]
Strings.StringMessage msg1 = newMessage("hello");
Strings.StringMessage res1 = service.upper(msg1);
String uppercased = res1.getText();
// end::snippet_4[]

// tag::snippet_5[]
Strings.StringMessage msg2 = newMessage("hello world");
Iterator<Strings.StringMessage> res2 = service.split(msg2);
while (res2.hasNext()) {
// ...
}
// end::snippet_5[]

// tag::snippet_6[]
Strings.StringMessage msg3 = newMessage("hello world");
CompletableFuture<Iterator<Strings.StringMessage>> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
service.split(msg3, new StreamObserver<Strings.StringMessage>() {
private final List<Strings.StringMessage> value = new ArrayList<>();

@Override
public void onNext(Strings.StringMessage value) {
this.value.add(value);
}

@Override
public void onError(Throwable t) {
future.completeExceptionally(t);
}

@Override
public void onCompleted() {
future.complete(value.iterator());
}
});
// end::snippet_6[]

// tag::snippet_7[]
GrpcServiceDescriptor serviceDescriptor = GrpcServiceDescriptor.builder()
.serviceName("StringService")
.putMethod("Upper",
GrpcClientMethodDescriptor.unary("StringService", "Upper")
.requestType(Strings.StringMessage.class)
.responseType(Strings.StringMessage.class)
.build())
.putMethod("Split",
GrpcClientMethodDescriptor.serverStreaming("StringService", "Split")
.requestType(Strings.StringMessage.class)
.responseType(Strings.StringMessage.class)
.build())
.build();
// end::snippet_7[]

// tag::snippet_8[]
Strings.StringMessage res = grpcClient.serviceClient(serviceDescriptor)
.unary("Upper", newMessage("hello"));
// end::snippet_8[]

}

void snippets2() {
Tls clientTls = Tls.builder()
.trust(trust -> trust
.keystore(store -> store
.passphrase("password")
.trustStore(true)
.keystore(Resource.create("client.p12"))))
.build();

// tag::snippet_9[]
GrpcClient grpcClient = GrpcClient.builder()
.tls(clientTls)
.clientUriSupplier(RoundRobinSupplier.create(myServers()))
.build();
// end::snippet_9[]

// tag::snippet_10[]
Channel newChannel = grpcClient.channel(myInterceptors());
// end::snippet_10[]
}
}

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