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Pre-requisites for Kubernetes Labs

Install Kubernetes on Ubuntu

This section discuss how to install Kubernetes on virtual machines and/or bare metal servers.

System Requirements:

  • Linux OS
  • 2 CPUs
  • 2 GB RAM
  • Disable Swap

Container Runtime Requirements:

  • Compatible with CRI (Container Runtime Interface)
  • We can also use Docker

Networking Requirements:

  • Connectivity between all nodes

Note that we have to install these packages on ALL the nodes that will be part of the Kubernetes cluster.

  • kubelet
  • kubeadm
  • kubectl
  • container runtime (docker)

Begin by installing the packages, which includes adding the signing key and the repository.

$ curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add 
$ sudo bash -c 'cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list 
deb http://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF'

We can inspect the versions available in the repository using apt-cache.

$ sudo apt-get update
$ apt-cache policy kubelet | head -20
$ apt-cache policy docker.io | head -20

Install the Kubernetes tools.

$ sudo apt-get install -y kubeadm kubelet kubectl docker.io 
$ sudo apt-mark hold kubeadm kubelet kubectl docker.io

Disable the swap.

$ swapoff -a

Check the status of the kubelet and docker. Notice that kubelet will show an "activating" status. This will stay in this status until a work is assigned to the kubelet.

$ sudo systemctl status kubelet 
$ sudo systemctl status docker

Install CLI Tools

When you click the links, it should bring you to the official installation pages. Note that only the kubectl is necessary for running Kubernetes locally but I recommend installing the other CLI tools too.

  • aws cli v2 - used by eksctl to grab authentication token
  • eksctl - setup and operation of EKS cluster
  • kubectl - interaction with K8S API server

If you're using WSL running Ubuntu in a Windows laptop, you may simply use these commands:

# aws cli
curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip" -o "awscliv2.zip"
unzip awscliv2.zip
sudo ./aws/install
# eksctl
curl --silent --location "https://github.com/weaveworks/eksctl/releases/latest/download/eksctl_$(uname -s)_amd64.tar.gz" | tar xz -C /tmp
sudo mv /tmp/eksctl /usr/local/bin
# kubectl
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl
sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
sudo curl -fsSLo /usr/share/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y kubectl

To verify the AWS CLI version:

$ aws --version

To verify the eksctl version:

$ eksctl version

To verify the kubectl version:

$ kubectl version --output=json

We can also enable eksctl bash completion:

eksctl completion bash >> ~/.bash_completion
. /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh
. ~/.bash_completion

Install Helm

Helm is the Kubernetes package manager which helps us manage Kubernetes applications. To learn more, visit the official Helm website.

Helm can be installed in two ways:

  • install it from a source, or
  • install it from pre-built binary releases

Detailed setup instructions for different OS can be found in the Installing Helm page.

If you're using WSL running Ubuntu in a Windows laptop, you may simply use these commands:

$ curl -fsSL -o get_helm.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/helm/helm/main/scripts/get-helm-3
$ chmod 700 get_helm.sh
$ ./get_helm.sh

Setup EKS Access on AWS

This is needed if you're going to run Kubernetes using the Amazon EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service).

Having said, I've added this under the Optional Tools page.


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