simple run has unreachable object

[cutoutsy]

Python: 3.11
Flask: 2.3.3

code

import gc
from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/")
def hello_world():
    # gc.set_debug(gc.DEBUG_COLLECTABLE | gc.DEBUG_UNCOLLECTABLE)
    gc.set_debug(gc.DEBUG_LEAK)
    collected = gc.collect()
    print(f"Number of unreachable objects collected by GC: {collected}")

    for obj in gc.garbage:
        print(f"Unreachable object: {obj}")
    return "<p>Hello, World!</p>"

if __name__ == '__main__':

    app.run("127.0.0.1", 2335)

when i run and curl 127.0.0.1:2335，print the unreachable objects，first count = 11 and then count = 8, why?

 * Debug mode: off
WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment. Use a production WSGI server instead.
 * Running on http://127.0.0.1:2335
Press CTRL+C to quit
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f613848ad70>
gc: collectable <tuple 0x7f61395b9a50>
gc: collectable <function 0x7f61382ca700>
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f613848add0>
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f613848ae00>
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f613848ae30>
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f613848ae60>
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f613848ae90>
gc: collectable <set 0x7f6138471700>
gc: collectable <tuple 0x7f61382a9df0>
gc: collectable <function 0x7f61382ca7a0>
Number of unreachable objects collected by GC: 11
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848ad70: function object at 0x7f61382ca700>
Unreachable object: (<cell at 0x7f613848ad70: function object at 0x7f61382ca700>,)
Unreachable object: <function StateMachineMatcher.update.<locals>._update_state at 0x7f61382ca700>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848add0: str object at 0x7f61382adff0>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848ae00: bool object at 0x955a00>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848ae30: function object at 0x7f61382ca7a0>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848ae60: set object at 0x7f6138471700>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848ae90: bool object at 0x955a00>
Unreachable object: set()
Unreachable object: (<cell at 0x7f613848ae30: function object at 0x7f61382ca7a0>, <cell at 0x7f613848ae60: set object at 0x7f6138471700>, <cell at 0x7f613848add0: str object at 0x7f61382adff0>, <cell at 0x7f613848ae00: bool object at 0x955a00>, <cell at 0x7f613848ae90: bool object at 0x955a00>)
Unreachable object: <function StateMachineMatcher.match.<locals>._match at 0x7f61382ca7a0>
127.0.0.1 - - [12/Sep/2024 22:25:45] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 -
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f6138489600>
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f61384895d0>
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f613848aad0>
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f61384897e0>
gc: collectable <cell 0x7f6138489d80>
gc: collectable <set 0x7f6138471620>
gc: collectable <tuple 0x7f613872a980>
gc: collectable <function 0x7f61382ca840>
Number of unreachable objects collected by GC: 8
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848ad70: function object at 0x7f61382ca700>
Unreachable object: (<cell at 0x7f613848ad70: function object at 0x7f61382ca700>,)
Unreachable object: <function StateMachineMatcher.update.<locals>._update_state at 0x7f61382ca700>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848add0: str object at 0x7f61382adff0>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848ae00: bool object at 0x955a00>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848ae30: function object at 0x7f61382ca7a0>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848ae60: set object at 0x7f6138471700>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848ae90: bool object at 0x955a00>
Unreachable object: set()
Unreachable object: (<cell at 0x7f613848ae30: function object at 0x7f61382ca7a0>, <cell at 0x7f613848ae60: set object at 0x7f6138471700>, <cell at 0x7f613848add0: str object at 0x7f61382adff0>, <cell at 0x7f613848ae00: bool object at 0x955a00>, <cell at 0x7f613848ae90: bool object at 0x955a00>)
Unreachable object: <function StateMachineMatcher.match.<locals>._match at 0x7f61382ca7a0>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f6138489600: str object at 0x7f613854dc70>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f61384895d0: bool object at 0x955a00>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f613848aad0: function object at 0x7f61382ca840>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f61384897e0: set object at 0x7f6138471620>
Unreachable object: <cell at 0x7f6138489d80: bool object at 0x955a00>
Unreachable object: set()
Unreachable object: (<cell at 0x7f613848aad0: function object at 0x7f61382ca840>, <cell at 0x7f61384897e0: set object at 0x7f6138471620>, <cell at 0x7f6138489600: str object at 0x7f613854dc70>, <cell at 0x7f61384895d0: bool object at 0x955a00>, <cell at 0x7f6138489d80: bool object at 0x955a00>)
Unreachable object: <function StateMachineMatcher.match.<locals>._match at 0x7f61382ca840>
127.0.0.1 - - [12/Sep/2024 22:25:45] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 -