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WebSocket Gateway Written in Ballerina

Ballerina is a programming language designed for integrations. It makes it easy to write resilient services that integrate and communicate seamlessly. This repository contains a sample WebSocket gateway implemented in Ballerina. The gateway acts as a middleman between clients and backend services.

  • ws-gateway - WebSocket gateway package
  • backend-abc - Backend WebSocket service named ABC
  • backend-pqr - Backend WebSocket service named PQR
  • backend-xyz - Backend WebSocket service named XYZ
  • client - Sample WebSocket client. Can connect to any one of the backends based on configuration.

Backend Service Discovery

Currently, backend service URLs are hard-coded within the WebSocket gateway using Ballerina configurable variables for simplicity in this example. Refer to the Config.toml for more details. While this sample uses static URLs, enhancements can be made to allow the gateway to discover backend services dynamically.

Gateway Routing Behaviour

The gateway determines the backend to connect with based on the ID HTTP header present in the WebSocket upgrade request initiated by the client. Valid ID header values include "Backend_ABC", "Backend_PQR", and "Backend_XYZ". The sample client is set up to send this header.

WSS and Self-signed JWT

The sample client and the gateway uses the WSS protocol. Gateway and backend services uses WS protocol. Additionaly, gateway and client uses self-signed JWT for authentication.

Running the sample

Step 1: Set up the workspace

Install Ballerina Swan Lake and the Ballerina extension on VS Code.

Step 2: (Optional) Open in VSCode

To explore the code more conveniently, consider opening this project directory in VSCode:

cd <this project directory>
code .

Step 3: Start the Backend Services

Each backend service should be started in its own terminal tab. Here's how to start the ABC backend:

cd backend-abc
bal run

Repeat the above instructions for the PQR and XYZ backends.

Step 4: Start the Gateway

In a new terminal, start the gateway with:

cd ws-gateway
bal run

Step 5: Run the Client

With everything set up, you can now run the client. It's designed to connect to any of the backends based on your configuration.

For instance, to connect to the ABC backend:

cd client
bal run -- Backend_ABC

Similarly, to connect to the PQR or XYZ backends:

cd client
bal run -- Backend_PQR
cd client
bal run -- Backend_XYZ

Next Steps

After running the sample, consider exploring deeper customizations or expanding on the base implementation. If you encounter any issues or have questions, feel free to open an issue on this repository.