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NEWS for Ruby 3.3.0

This document is a list of user-visible feature changes since the 3.2.0 release, except for bug fixes.

Note that each entry is kept to a minimum, see links for details.

Language changes

Command line options

  • A new performance warning category was introduced. They are not displayed by default even in verbose mode. Turn them on with -W:performance or Warning[:performance] = true. [Feature #19538]

Core classes updates

Note: We're only listing outstanding class updates.

  • Array

    • Array#pack now raises ArgumentError for unknown directives. [Bug #19150]

  • Dir

    • Dir.for_fd added for returning a Dir object for the directory specified by the provided directory file descriptor. [Feature #19347]
    • Dir.fchdir added for changing the directory to the directory specified by the provided directory file descriptor. [Feature #19347]
    • Dir#chdir added for changing the directory to the directory specified by the provided Dir object. [Feature #19347]

  • MatchData

    • MatchData#named_captures now accepts optional symbolize_names keyword. [[Feature #19591]]

  • String

    • String#unpack now raises ArgumentError for unknown directives. [Bug #19150]
    • String#bytesplice now accepts new arguments index/length or range of the source string to be copied. [Feature #19314]

  • ObjectSpace::WeakKeyMap

    • New core class to build collections with weak references. The class use equality semantic to lookup keys like a regular hash, but it doesn't hold strong references on the keys. [Feature #18498]

Stdlib updates

The following default gems are updated.

  • RubyGems 3.5.0.dev
  • bigdecimal 3.1.4
  • bundler 2.5.0.dev
  • csv 3.2.7
  • fiddle 1.1.2
  • fileutils 1.7.1
  • irb 1.6.4
  • optparse 0.4.0.pre.1
  • psych 5.1.0
  • reline 0.3.3
  • stringio 3.0.7
  • strscan 3.0.7
  • syntax_suggest 1.0.4
  • time 0.2.2
  • timeout 0.3.2
  • uri 0.12.1

The following bundled gems are updated.

  • minitest 5.18.0
  • rbs 3.1.0
  • typeprof 0.21.7
  • debug 1.8.0

See GitHub releases like Logger or changelog for details of the default gems or bundled gems.

Supported platforms

Compatibility issues

Stdlib compatibility issues

ext/readline is retired

  • We have reline that is pure Ruby implementation compatible with ext/readline API. We rely on reline in the future. If you need to use ext/readline, you can install ext/readline via rubygems.org with gem install readline-ext.
  • We no longer need to install libraries like libreadline or libedit.

C API updates

Implementation improvements

  • defined?(@ivar) is optimized with Object Shapes.

YJIT

  • Significant performance improvements over 3.2
    • Splat and rest arguments support has been improved.
    • Registers are allocated for stack operations of the virtual machine.
    • More calls with optional arguments are compiled.
    • Integer#!=, String#!=, Kernel#block_given?, Kernel#is_a?, Kernel#instance_of?, Module#=== are specially optimized.
    • Instance variables no longer exit to the interpreter with megamorphic Object Shapes.
  • Metadata for compiled code uses a lot less memory.
  • Improved code generation on ARM64
  • Option to start YJIT in paused mode and then later enable it manually
    • --yjit-pause and RubyVM::YJIT.resume
    • This can be used to enable YJIT only once your application is done booting
  • Exit tracing option now supports sampling
    • --trace-exits-sample-rate=N
  • Multiple bug fixes

RJIT

  • Introduced a pure-Ruby JIT compiler RJIT and replaced MJIT.
    • RJIT supports only x86_64 architecture on Unix platforms.
    • Unlike MJIT, it doesn't require a C compiler at runtime.
  • RJIT exists only for experimental purposes.
    • You should keep using YJIT in production.