Machine Learning By Prof. Andrew Ng 🌟🌟🌟🌟⭐

This page contains all my YouTube/Coursera Machine Learning courses and resources 📖 by Prof. Andrew Ng 👨

Table of Contents

1. Brief Intro
2. Video lectures Index
3. Programming Exercise Tutorials
4. Programming Exercise Test Cases
5. Useful Resources
6. Schedule
7. Extra Information
8. Online E-Books
9. Aditional Information

Brief Intro

The most of the course talking about hypothesis function and minimising cost funtions

Hypothesis

A hypothesis is a certain function that we believe (or hope) is similar to the true function, the target function that we want to model. In context of email spam classification, it would be the rule we came up with that allows us to separate spam from non-spam emails.

Cost Function

The cost function or Sum of Squeared Errors(SSE) is a measure of how far away our hypothesis is from the optimal hypothesis. The closer our hypothesis matches the training examples, the smaller the value of the cost function. Theoretically, we would like J(θ)=0

Gradient Descent

Gradient descent is an iterative minimization method. The gradient of the error function always shows in the direction of the steepest ascent of the error function. Thus, we can start with a random weight vector and subsequently follow the negative gradient (using a learning rate alpha)

Differnce between cost function and gradient descent functions

Cost Function	Gradient Descent
function J = computeCostMulti(X, y, theta) m = length(y); % number of training examples J = 0; predictions = X*theta; sqerrors = (predictions - y).^2; J = 1/(2*m)* sum(sqerrors); end	function [theta, J_history] = gradientDescentMulti(X, y, theta, alpha, num_iters) m = length(y); % number of training examples J_history = zeros(num_iters, 1); for iter = 1:num_iters predictions = X * theta; updates = X' * (predictions - y); theta = theta - alpha * (1/m) * updates; J_history(iter) = computeCostMulti(X, y, theta); end end

Bias and Variance

When we discuss prediction models, prediction errors can be decomposed into two main subcomponents we care about: error due to "bias" and error due to "variance". There is a tradeoff between a model's ability to minimize bias and variance. Understanding these two types of error can help us diagnose model results and avoid the mistake of over- or under-fitting.

Source: http://scott.fortmann-roe.com/docs/BiasVariance.html

Hypotheis and Cost Function Table

Algorithm	Hypothesis Function	Cost Function	Gradient Descent
Linear Regression
Linear Regression with Multiple variables
Logistic Regression
Logistic Regression with Multiple Variables
Neural Networks

Regression with Pictures

• Linear Regression
• Logistic Regression

Video lectures Index

https://class.coursera.org/ml/lecture/preview

Programming Exercise Tutorials

https://www.coursera.org/learn/machine-learning/discussions/all/threads/m0ZdvjSrEeWddiIAC9pDDA

Programming Exercise Test Cases

https://www.coursera.org/learn/machine-learning/discussions/all/threads/0SxufTSrEeWPACIACw4G5w

Useful Resources

https://www.coursera.org/learn/machine-learning/resources/NrY2G

Schedule:

Week 1:

• Welcome - pdf - ppt
• Linear regression with one variable - pdf - ppt
• Linear Algebra review (Optional) - pdf - ppt
• Lecture Notes
• Errata

Week 2:

• Linear regression with multiple variables - pdf - ppt
• Octave tutorial pdf
• Programming Exercise 1: Linear Regression - pdf - Problem - Solution
• Lecture Notes
• Errata
• Program Exercise Notes

Week 3:

• Logistic regression - pdf - ppt
• Regularization - pdf - ppt
• Programming Exercise 2: Logistic Regression - pdf - Problem - Solution
• Lecture Notes
• Errata
• Program Exercise Notes

Week 4:

• Neural Networks: Representation - pdf - ppt
• Programming Exercise 3: Multi-class Classification and Neural Networks - pdf - Problem - Solution
• Lecture Notes
• Errata
• Program Exercise Notes

Week 5:

• Neural Networks: Learning - pdf - ppt
• Programming Exercise 4: Neural Networks Learning - pdf - Problem - Solution
• Lecture Notes
• Errata
• Program Exercise Notes

Week 6:

• Advice for applying machine learning - pdf - ppt
• Machine learning system design - pdf - ppt
• Programming Exercise 5: Regularized Linear Regression and Bias v.s. Variance - pdf - Problem - Solution
• Lecture Notes
• Errata
• Program Exercise Notes

Week 7:

• Support vector machines - pdf - ppt
• Programming Exercise 6: Support Vector Machines - pdf - Problem - Solution
• Lecture Notes
• Errata
• Program Exercise Notes

Week 8:

• Clustering - pdf - ppt
• Dimensionality reduction - pdf - ppt
• Programming Exercise 7: K-means Clustering and Principal Component Analysis - pdf - Problems - Solution
• Lecture Notes
• Errata
• Program Exercise Notes

Week 9:

• Anomaly Detection - pdf - ppt
• Recommender Systems - pdf - ppt
• Programming Exercise 8: Anomaly Detection and Recommender Systems - pdf - Problems - Solution
• Lecture Notes
• Errata
• Program Exercise Notes

Week 10:

• Large scale machine learning - pdf - ppt
• Lecture Notes

Week 11:

• Application example: Photo OCR - pdf - ppt

Extra Information

• Linear Algebra Review and Reference Zico Kolter
• CS229 Lecture notes
• CS229 Problems
• Financial time series forecasting with machine learning techniques
• Octave Examples

Online E Books

• Introduction to Machine Learning by Nils J. Nilsson
• Introduction to Machine Learning by Alex Smola and S.V.N. Vishwanathan
• Introduction to Data Science by Jeffrey Stanton
• Bayesian Reasoning and Machine Learning by David Barber
• Understanding Machine Learning, © 2014 by Shai Shalev-Shwartz and Shai Ben-David
• Elements of Statistical Learning, by Hastie, Tibshirani, and Friedman
• Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, by Christopher M. Bishop

Aditional Information

• Machine Learning Course Notes (Excluding Octave/MATLAB)

Links

• What are the top 10 problems in deep learning for 2017?
• When will the deep learning bubble burst?

Statistics Models

• HMM - Hidden Markov Model
• CRFs - Conditional Random Fields
• LSI - Latent Semantic Indexing
• MRF - Markov Random Fields

NLP forums

• SIGIR - Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval
• ACL - Association for Computational Linguistics
• NAACL - The North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
• EMNLP - Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
• NIPS - Neural Information Processing Systems