Awesome Literature on Imbalanced Learning on Graphs (ILoGs)

This repository showcases a curated collection of research literature on imbalanced learning on graphs. We have categorized this literature according to the taxonomies of Problems and Techniques detailed in our survey paper, titled A Survey of Imbalanced Learning on Graphs: Problems, Techniques, and Future Directions. In this repository, we primarily arrange the literature based on our Problem taxonomy for clarity. For a deeper understanding of this rapidly evolving and challenging field, we encourage readers to consult our survey.

For our taxonomy of Problems, we classify the literature based on class imbalance and structure imbalance, both stemming from imbalanced input. We further distill this into more specific categories: node-, edge-, and graph-level imbalance, offering a comprehensive understanding of graph imbalance.

For an overview of imbalanced learning on various data, please refer to Github Repository Awesome-Imbalanced-Learning.

Our Survey Paper

A Survey of Imbalanced Learning on Graphs: Problems, Techniques, and Future Directions
Zemin Liu, Yuan Li, Nan Chen, Qian Wang, Bryan Hooi, Bingsheng He.

We provide the BibTeX formatted citation for our survey paper as follows. If you find our work helpful, we greatly appreciate your citation of our paper.

  @article{liu2023surveyilogs,
    title={A Survey of Imbalanced Learning on Graphs: Problems, Techniques, and Future Directions},
    author={Liu, Zemin and Li, Yuan and Chen, Nan and Wang, Qian and Hooi, Bryan and He, Bingsheng},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2308.13821},
    year={2023}
  }

Outline

The outline corresponds to the taxonomy of Problems in our survey paper.

• 1. Class Imbalance
  • 1.1 Node-Level Class Imbalance
    • 1.1.1 Imbalanced Node CLassification
    • 1.1.2 Node-Level Anomaly Detection
    • 1.1.3 Few-Shot Node Classification
    • 1.1.4 Zero-Shot Node Classification
  • 1.2 Edge-Level Class Imbalance
    • 1.2.1 Few-Shot Link Prediction
    • 1.2.2 Edge-Level Anomaly Detection
    • 1.2.3 Imbalanced Link Classification
  • 1.3 Graph-Level Class Imbalance
    • 1.3.1 Imbalanced Graph Classification
    • 1.3.2 Graph-Level Anomaly Detection
    • 1.3.3 Few-Shot Graph Classification
• 2. Structure Imbalance
  • 2.1 Node-Level Structure Imbalance
    • 2.1.1 Imbalanced Node Degrees
    • 2.1.2 Node Topology Imbalance
    • 2.1.3 Long-Tail Entity Embedding on KGs
  • 2.2 Edge-Level Structure Imbalance
    • 2.2.1 Few-Shot Relation Classification
    • 2.2.2 Zero-Shot Relation Classification
    • 2.2.3 Few-Shot Reasoning on KGs
  • 2.3 Graph-Level Structure Imbalance
    • 2.3.1 Imbalanced Graph Sizes
    • 2.3.2 Imbalanced Topology Groups
• 3. Other Related Literature
  • 3.1 Fairness Learning on Graphs

Literature

1. Class Imbalance

1.1 Node-Level Class Imbalance

1.1.1 Imbalanced Node CLassification

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
DR-GCN	Multi-Class Imbalanced Graph Convolutional Network Learning	IJCAI 2020	PDF	TensorFlow
DPGNN	Distance-wise Prototypical Graph Neural Network for Imbalanced Node Classification	arXiv 2021	PDF	PyTorch
GraphSMOTE	GraphSMOTE: Imbalanced Node Classification on Graphs with Graph Neural Networks	WSDM 2021	PDF	PyTorch
ImGAGN	ImGAGN: Imbalanced Network Embedding via Generative Adversarial Graph Networks	KDD 2021	PDF	PyTorch
TAM	TAM: Topology-Aware Margin Loss for Class-Imbalanced Node Classification	ICML 2022	PDF	PyTorch
LTE4G	LTE4G: Long-Tail Experts for Graph Neural Networks	CIKM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
GraphMixup	GraphMixup: Improving Class-Imbalanced Node Classification on Graphs by Self-supervised Context Prediction	ECML-PKDD 2022	PDF	PyTorch
GraphENS	GraphENS: Neighbor-Aware Ego Network Synthesis for Class-Imbalanced Node Classification	ICLR 2022	PDF	PyTorch
ALLIE	ALLIE: Active Learning on Large-scale Imbalanced Graphs	WWW 2022	PDF	[N/A]
GraphSANN	Imbalanced Node Classification Beyond Homophilic Assumption	IJCAI 2023	PDF	[N/A]
GraphSR	GraphSR: a data augmentation algorithm for imbalanced node classification	AAAI 2023	PDF	PyTorch
ImGCL	ImGCL: Revisiting Graph Contrastive Learning on Imbalanced Node Classification	AAAI 2023	PDF	[N/A]
SNS	Semantic-aware Node Synthesis for Imbalanced Heterogeneous Information Networks	CIKM 2023	PDF	PyTorch
GraphSANN	Imbalanced Node Classification Beyond Homophilic Assumption	IJCAI 2023	PDF	[N/A]
ReVar	Rethinking Semi-Supervised Imbalanced Node Classification from Bias-Variance Decomposition	NeurIPS 2023	PDF	PyTorch
BNE	Balanced neighbor exploration for semi-supervised node classification on imbalanced graph data	Information Sciences 2023	PDF	[N/A]
INS-GNN	INS-GNN: Improving graph imbalance learning with self-supervision	Information Sciences 2023	PDF	[N/A]
GraphSHA	GraphSHA: Synthesizing Harder Samples for Class-Imbalanced Node Classification	KDD 2023	PDF	PyTorch
GNN-CL	Graph Neural Network with Curriculum Learning for Imbalanced Node Classification	Neurocomputing 2024	PDF	[N/A]
Graph-DAO	A novel graph oversampling framework for node classification in class-imbalanced graphs	SCIS 2024	PDF	[N/A]

1.1.2 Node-Level Anomaly Detection

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
Amplay	Node re-ordering as a means of anomaly detection in time-evolving graphs	ECML PKDD 2016	PDF	[N/A]
	An embedding approach to anomaly detection	ICDE 2016	PDF	C++
PFrauDetector	PFrauDetector: A Parallelized Graph Mining Approach for Efficient Fraudulent Phone Call Detection	ICPADS 2016	PDF	[N/A]
HitFraud	HitFraud: A Broad Learning Approach for Collective Fraud Detection in Heterogeneous Information Networks	ICDM 2017	PDF	[N/A]
FRAUDAR	Graph-based fraud detection in the face of camouflage	TKDD 2017	PDF	NumPy
HiDDen	Hidden: hierarchical dense subgraph detection with application to financial fraud detection	SDM 2017	PDF	MATLAB
ALAD	Accelerated Local Anomaly Detection via Resolving Attributed Networks	IJCAI 2017	PDF	NumPy
GANG	GANG: Detecting fraudulent users in online social networks via guilt-by-association on directed graphs	ICDM 2017	PDF	NumPy (Non-official)
MTHL	Anomaly detection in dynamic networks using multi-view time-series hypersphere learning	CIKM 2017	PDF	NumPy
	Spectrum-based deep neural networks for fraud detection	CIKM 2017	PDF	[N/A]
Radar	Radar: Residual Analysis for Anomaly Detection in Attributed Networks	IJCAI 2017	PDF	PyTorch
HoloScope	HoloScope: Topology-and-Spike Aware Fraud Detection	CIKM 2017	PDF	NumPy
HoloScope	A contrast metric for fraud detection in rich graphs	TKDE 2018	PDF	NumPy
SEANO	Semi-supervised embedding in attributed networks with outliers	SDM 2018	PDF	TensorFlow
Metagraph2vec	Gotcha-sly malware! scorpion a metagraph2vec based malware detection system	KDD 2018	PDF	[N/A]
PAICAN	Bayesian robust attributed graph clustering: Joint learning of partial anomalies and group structure	AAAI 2018	PDF	TensorFlow
Netwalk	NetWalk: A Flexible Deep Embedding Approach for Anomaly Detection in Dynamic Networks	KDD 2018	PDF	TensorFlow
DeepSphere	Deep into Hypersphere: Robust and Unsupervised Anomaly Discovery in Dynamic Networks	IJCAI 2018	PDF	TensorFlow
NHAD	NHAD: Neuro-Fuzzy Based Horizontal Anomaly Detection In Online Social Networks	TKDE 2018	PDF	[N/A]
	Designing Size Consistent Statistics for Accurate Anomaly Detection in Dynamic Networks	TKDD 2018	PDF	[N/A]
SPARC	SPARC: Self-Paced Network Representation for Few-Shot Rare Category Characterization	KDD 2018	PDF	Theano
ANOMALOUS	ANOMALOUS: A Joint Modeling Approach for Anomaly Detection on Attributed Networks	IJCAI 2018	PDF	MATLAB
FFD	Mining fraudsters and fraudulent strategies in large-scale mobile social networks	TKDE 2019	PDF	[N/A]
GraphUCB	Interactive anomaly detection on attributed networks	WSDM 2019	PDF	NumPy
Dominant	Deep anomaly detection on attributed networks	SDM 2019	PDF	PyTorch
AnomRank	Fast and accurate anomaly detection in dynamic graphs with a two-pronged approach	KDD 2019	PDF	C++
ONE	Outlier aware network embedding for attributed networks	AAAI 2019	PDF	NetworkX
SpecAE	SpecAE: Spectral AutoEncoder for Anomaly Detection in Attributed Networks	CIKM 2019	PDF	[N/A]
QANet	QANet: Tensor Decomposition Approach for Query-Based Anomaly Detection in Heterogeneous Information Networks	TKDE 2019	PDF	[N/A]
MADAN	Multi-scale anomaly detection on attributed networks	AAAI 2020	PDF	NetworkX
ALARM	A Deep Multi-View Framework for Anomaly Detection on Attributed Networks	TKDE 2020	PDF	PyTorch (Non-official)
MIDAS	Midas: Microcluster-based detector of anomalies in edge streams	AAAI 2020	PDF	C++
GraphRfi	Gcn-based user representation learning for unifying robust recommendation and fraudster detection	SIGIR 2020	PDF	PyTorch
BEA	Anomaly Detection on Dynamic Bipartite Graph with Burstiness	ICDM 2020	PDF	[N/A]
MixedAD	Mixedad: a scalable algorithm for detecting mixed anomalies in attributed graphs	AAAI 2020	PDF	[N/A]
STAGN	Graph neural network for fraud detection via spatial-temporal attention	TKDE 2020	PDF	PyTorch
GAL	Error-bounded graph anomaly loss for GNNs	CIKM 2020	PDF	PyTorch
GAAN	Generative Adversarial Attributed Network Anomaly Detection	CIKM 2020	PDF	PyTorch
DMGD	Integrating Network Embedding and Community Outlier Detection via Multiclass Graph Description	ECAI 2020	PDF	TensorFlow
CARE-GNN	Enhancing Graph Neural Network-based Fraud Detectors against Camouflaged Fraudsters	CIKM 2020	PDF	PyTorch
GraphConsis	Alleviating the Inconsistency Problem of Applying Graph Neural Network to Fraud Detection	SIGIR 2020	PDF	TensorFlow
COSIN	Fraud Detection in Dynamic Interaction Network	TKDE 2020	PDF	[N/A]
HMGNN	Heterogeneous Mini-Graph Neural Network and Its Application to Fraud Invitation Detection	ICDM 2020	PDF	TensorFlow
C-FATH	Modeling Heterogeneous Graph Network on Fraud Detection: A Community-based Framework with Attention Mechanism	CIKM 2021	PDF	[N/A]
A	Graph Regularized Autoencoder and its Application in Unsupervised Anomaly Detection	TPAMI 2021	PDF	[N/A]
DCI	Decoupling Representation Learning and Classification for GNN-based Anomaly Detection	SIGIR 2021	PDF	PyTorch
IHGAT	Intention-aware Heterogeneous Graph Attention Networks for Fraud Transactions Detection	KDD 2021	PDF	[N/A]
AAGNN	Subtractive Aggregation for Attributed Network Anomaly Detection	CIKM 2021	PDF	PyTorch
ANEMONE	ANEMONE: Graph Anomaly Detection with Multi-Scale Contrastive Learning	CIKM 2021	PDF	PyTorch
TDA	Topological anomaly detection in dynamic multilayer blockchain networks	ECML PKDD 2021	PDF	R
SkewA	Graph Fraud Detection Based on Accessibility Score Distributions	ECML PKDD 2021	PDF	C++
BiDyn	Bipartite Dynamic Representations for Abuse Detection	KDD 2021	PDF	PyTorch
GRC	Towards Consumer Loan Fraud Detection: Graph Neural Networks with Role-Constrained Conditional Random Field	AAAI 2021	PDF	[N/A]
	Signature-Based Anomaly Detection in Networks	SDM 2021	PDF	[N/A]
CO-GCN	Graph Neural Network to Dilute Outliers for Refactoring Monolith Application	AAAI 2021	PDF	PyTorch
PAMFUL	A Synergistic Approach for Graph Anomaly Detection With Pattern Mining and Feature Learning	TNNLS 2021	PDF	PyTorch
COMMANDER	Cross-Domain Graph Anomaly Detection	TNNLS 2021	PDF	[N/A]
GDN	Graph Neural Network-Based Anomaly Detection in Multivariate Time Series	AAAI 2021	PDF	PyTorch
PC-GNN	Pick and choose: a GNN-based imbalanced learning approach for fraud detection	WWW 2021	PDF	PyTorch
GDN	Few-shot network anomaly detection via cross-network meta-learning	WWW 2021	PDF	PyTorch
CoLA	Anomaly detection on attributed networks via contrastive self-supervised learning	TNNLS 2021	PDF	PyTorch
AEGIS	Inductive Anomaly Detection on Attributed Networks	IJCAI 2021	PDF	[N/A]
Turbo	Turbo: Fraud Detection in Deposit-free Leasing Service via Real-Time Behavior Network Mining	ICDE 2021	PDF	[N/A]
MetaHG	Distilling Meta Knowledge on Heterogeneous Graph for Illicit Drug Trafficker Detection on Social Media	NeurIPS 2021	PDF	PyTorch
EnsemFDet	EnsemFDet: An Ensemble Approach to Fraud Detection based on Bipartite Graph	ICDE 2021	PDF	[N/A]
FRAUDRE	FRAUDRE: Fraud Detection Dual-Resistant to Graph Inconsistency and Imbalance	ICDM 2021	PDF	PyTorch
ELAND	Action Sequence Augmentation for Early Graph-based Anomaly Detection	CIKM 2021	PDF	PyTorch
DeFraudNet	DeFraudNet: An End-to-End Weak Supervision Framework to Detect Fraud in Online Food Delivery	ECML PKDD 2021	PDF	[N/A]
DIGNN	The Devil is in the Conflict: Disentangled Information Graph Neural Networks for Fraud Detection	ICDM 2022	PDF	[N/A]
STGAN	Graph Convolutional Adversarial Networks for Spatiotemporal Anomaly Detection	TNNLS 2022	PDF	PyTorch
DAGAD	DAGAD: Data Augmentation for Graph Anomaly Detection	ICDM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
NGS	Explainable Graph-based Fraud Detection via Neural Meta-graph Search	CIKM 2022	PDF	[N/A]
BRIGHT	BRIGHT-Graph Neural Networks in Real-time Fraud Detection	CIKM 2022	PDF	[N/A]
Hetero-SCAN	Meta-Path-based Fake News Detection Leveraging Multi-level Social Context Information	CIKM 2022	PDF	[N/A]
DynAnom	Subset Node Anomaly Tracking over Large Dynamic Graphs	KDD 2022	PDF	NetworkX
H2-FDetector	H2-FDetector: A GNN-based Fraud Detector with Homophilic and Heterophilic Connections	WWW 2022	PDF	PyTorch
AO-GNN	AUC-oriented Graph Neural Network for Fraud Detection	WWW 2022	PDF	[N/A]
ComGA	ComGA: Community-Aware Attributed Graph Anomaly Detection	WSDM 2022	PDF	TensorFlow
Sub-CR	Reconstruction Enhanced Multi-View Contrastive Learning for Anomaly Detection on Attributed Networks	IJCAI 2022	PDF	PyTorch
LUNAR	LUNAR: Unifying Local Outlier Detection Methods via Graph Neural Networks	AAAI 2022	PDF	PyTorch
DVGCRN	Deep Variational Graph Convolutional Recurrent Network for Multivariate Time Series Anomaly Detection	ICML 2022	PDF	PyTorch
MAD-SGCN	MAD-SGCN: Multivariate Anomaly Detection with Self-learning Graph Convolutional Networks	ICDE 2022	PDF	[N/A]
MHGL	Unseen Anomaly Detection on Networks via Multi-Hypersphere Learning	SDM 2022	PDF	[N/A]
HCM	Hop-Count Based Self-Supervised Anomaly Detection on Attributed Networks	ECML PKDD 2022	PDF	PyTorch
BWGNN	Rethinking Graph Neural Networks for Anomaly Detection	ICML 2022	PDF	PyTorch
BLS	Bi-Level Selection via Meta Gradient for Graph-Based Fraud Detection	DASFAA 2022	PDF	[N/A]
GraphAD	GraphAD: A Graph Neural Network for Entity-Wise Multivariate Time-Series Anomaly Detection	SIGIR 2022	PDF	[N/A]
GAGA	Label Information Enhanced Fraud Detection against Low Homophily in Graphs	WWW 2023	PDF	PyTorch
GHRN	Addressing Heterophily in Graph Anomaly Detection: A Perspective of Graph Spectrum	WWW 2023	PDF	PyTorch
GDN	Alleviating Structural Distribution Shift in Graph Anomaly Detection	WSDM 2023	PDF	PyTorch
CODEtect	Detecting Anomalous Graphs in Labeled Multi-Graph Databases	TKDD 2023	PDF	[N/A]
GCAD	Subgraph Centralization: A Necessary Step for Graph Anomaly Detection	SDM 2023	PDF	NumPy
SAD	SAD: Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection on Dynamic Graphs	IJCAI 2023	PDF	NumPy
VGOD	Unsupervised Graph Outlier Detection: Problem Revisit, New Insight, and Superior Method	ICDE 2023	PDF	PyTorch
GRADATE	Graph anomaly detection via multi-scale contrastive learning networks with augmented view	AAAI 2023	PDF	PyTorch
CLAD	Class Label-aware Graph Anomaly Detection	CIKM 2023	PDF	PyTorch
SplitGNN	SplitGNN: Spectral Graph Neural Network for Fraud Detection against Heterophily	CIKM 2023	PDF	Pytorch
TSAGMM	Unsupervised Fraud Transaction Detection on Dynamic Attributed Networks	DASFAA 2023	PDF	[N/A]
	Example-based explanations for streaming fraud detection on graphs	Information Sciences 2023	PDF	[N/A]
GDAE	Learning graph deep autoencoder for anomaly detection in multi-attributed networks	KBS 2023	PDF	[N/A]
RegraphGAN	RegraphGAN: A graph generative adversarial network model for dynamic network anomaly detection	Neural Networks 2023	PDF	[N/A]
PANG	Pattern mining for anomaly detection in graphs: Application to fraud in public procurement	RCMLPKDD 2023	PDF	Scikit-Learn
LGM-GNN	LGM-GNN: A local and global aware memory-based graph neural network for fraud detection	TBD 2023	PDF	[N/A]
CFAD	Counterfactual graph learning for anomaly detection on attributed networks	TKDE 2023	PDF	PyTorch
ARISE	ARISE: Graph Anomaly Detection on Attributed Networks via Substructure Awareness	TNNLS 2023	PDF	PyTorch
SAMCL	SAMCL: Subgraph-Aligned Multiview Contrastive Learning for Graph Anomaly Detection	TNNLS 2023	PDF	[N/A]
AER-AD	Anonymous Edge Representation for Inductive Anomaly Detection in Dynamic Bipartite Graph	VLDB 2023	PDF	PyTorch
GDN	Alleviating Structural Distribution Shift in Graph Anomaly Detection	WSDM 2023	PDF	PyTorch
GHRN	Addressing Heterophily in Graph Anomaly Detection: A Perspective of Graph Spectrum	WWW 2023	PDF	PyTorch
IMINF	Fraud detection on multi-relation graphs via imbalanced and interactive learning	Information Sciences 2023	PDF	[N/A]
ADA-GAD	ADA-GAD: Anomaly-Denoised Autoencoders for Graph Anomaly Detection	AAAI 2024	PDF	PyTorch
BSL	Barely Supervised Learning for Graph-Based Fraud Detection	AAAI 2024	PDF	[N/A]
ACT	Cross-Domain Graph Anomaly Detection via Anomaly-Aware Contrastive Alignment	AAAI 2024	PDF	PyTorch
SEC-GFD	Revisiting Graph-Based Fraud Detection in Sight of Heterophily and Spectrum	AAAI 2024		Code
PB-AAD	Improving Robustness of GNN-based Anomaly Detection by Graph Adversarial Training	COLING 2024	PDF	[N/A]
SPGNN	Subgraph Patterns Enhanced Graph Neural Network for Fraud Detection	DASFAA 2024	PDF	[N/A]
F2GNN	F2GNN: An Adaptive Filter with Feature Segmentation for Graph-Based Fraud Detection	ICASSP 2024	PDF	[N/A]
BOURNE	BOURNE: Bootstrapped Self-supervised Learning Framework for Unified Graph Anomaly Detection	ICDE 2024	PDF	[N/A]
DualGAD	DualGAD: Dual-bootstrapped self-supervised learning for graph anomaly detection	Information Sciences 2024	PDF	[N/A]
SEFraud	SEFraud: Graph-based Self-Explainable Fraud Detection via Interpretative Mask Learning	KDD 2024	PDF	[N/A]
HGIF	Heterophilic Graph Invariant Learning for Out-of-Distribution of Fraud Detection	MM 2024	PDF	PyTorch
GFCN	Graph fairing convolutional networks for anomaly detection	PR 2024	PDF	PyTorch
MPIN	Multipattern Integrated Networks With Contrastive Pretraining for Graph Anomaly Detection	TCSS 2024	PDF	[N/A]
Spade+	Spade+: A Generic Real-Time Fraud Detection Framework on Dynamic Graphs	TKDE 2024	PDF	[N/A]
FedCAD	Federated Graph Anomaly Detection via Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning	TNNLS 2024	PDF	[N/A]
GAD-NR	GAD-NR: Graph Anomaly Detection via Neighborhood Reconstruction	WSDM 2024	PDF	PyTorch
BioGNN	Graph Anomaly Detection with Bi-level Optimization	WWW 2024	PDF	[N/A]

1.1.3 Few-Shot Node Classification

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
Meta-GNN	Meta-GNN: On Few-shot Node Classification in Graph Meta-learning	CIKM 2019	PDF	PyTorch
AMM-GNN	Graph Few-shot Learning with Attribute Matching	CIKM 2020	PDF	[N/A]
GFL	Graph Few-shot Learning via Knowledge Transfer	AAAI 2020	PDF	PyTorch
GPN	Graph Prototypical Networks for Few-shot Learning on Attributed Networks	CIKM 2020	PDF	PyTorch
G-Meta	Graph Meta Learning via Local Subgraphs	NeurIPS 2020	PDF	PyTorch
MetaTNE	Node Classification on Graphs with Few-Shot Novel Labels via Meta Transformed Network Embedding	NeurIPS 2020	PDF	PyTorch
RALE	Relative and Absolute Location Embedding for Few-Shot Node Classification on Graph	AAAI 2021	PDF	TensorFlow
MuL-GRN	MuL-GRN: Multi-Level Graph Relation Network for Few-Shot Node Classification	TKDE 2022	PDF	[N/A]
ST-GFSL	Spatio-Temporal Graph Few-Shot Learning with Cross-City Knowledge Transfer	KDD 2022	PDF	PyTorch
TENT	Task-Adaptive Few-shot Node Classification	KDD 2022	PDF	PyTorch
Meta-GPS	Few-shot Node Classification on Attributed Networks with Graph Meta-learning	SIGIR 2022	PDF	[N/A]
IA-FSNC	Information Augmentation for Few-shot Node Classification	IJCAI 2022	PDF	[N/A]
SGCL	Supervised Graph Contrastive Learning for Few-shot Node Classification	ECML-PKDD 2022	PDF	[N/A]
TLP	Transductive Linear Probing: A Novel Framework for Few-Shot Node Classification	LoG 2022	PDF	PyTorch
Stager	Generalized Few-Shot Node Classification	ICDM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
HAG-Meta	Graph Few-shot Class-incremental Learning	WSDM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
Geometer	Geometer: Graph Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning via Prototype Representation	KDD 2022	PDF	PyTorch
CrossHG-Meta	Few-shot Heterogeneous Graph Learning via Cross-domain Knowledge Transfer	KDD 2022	PDF	[N/A]
HG-Meta	HG-Meta: Graph Meta-learning over Heterogeneous Graphs	SDM 2022	PDF	[N/A]
TRGM	Task-level Relations Modelling for Graph Meta-learning	ICDM 2022	PDF	[N/A]
X-FNC	Few-shot Node Classification with Extremely Weak Supervision	WSDM 2023	PDF	PyTorch
GraphPrompt	GraphPrompt: Unifying Pre-Training and Downstream Tasks for Graph Neural Networks	WWW 2023	PDF	PyTorch
	Pseudo-Labeling with Graph Active Learning for Few-shot Node Classification	ICDM 2023	PDF	[N/A]
COSMIC	Contrastive Meta-Learning for Few-shot Node Classification	KDD 2023	PDF	PyTorch
TEG	Task-Equivariant Graph Few-shot Learning	KDD 2023	PDF	PyTorch
VNT	Virtual Node Tuning for Few-shot Node Classification	KDD 2023	PDF	[N/A]
Stager	Generalized few-shot node classification: toward an uncertainty-based solution	KIS 2023	PDF	[N/A]
Meta-GIN	Robust Graph Meta-learning for Weakly-supervised Few-shot Node Classification	TKDD 2024	PDF	[N/A]
COLA	Graph Contrastive Learning Meets Graph Meta Learning: A Unified Method for Few-shot Node Tasks	WWW 2024	PDF	PyTorch

1.1.4 Zero-Shot Node Classification

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
RSDNE	RSDNE: Exploring Relaxed Similarity and Dissimilarity from Completely-Imbalanced Labels for Network Embedding	AAAI 2018	PDF	MATLAB
RECT	Network Embedding with Completely-imbalanced Labels	TKDE 2020	PDF	PyTorch
RECT	Expanding Semantic Knowledge for Zero-shot Graph Embedding	DASFAA 2021	PDF	[N/A]
DGPN	Zero-shot Node Classification with Decomposed Graph Prototype Network	KDD 2021	PDF	PyTorch
DBiGCN	Dual Bidirectional Graph Convolutional Networks for Zero-shot Node Classification	KDD 2022	PDF	PyTorch
MVE	Multi-view enhanced zero-shot node classification	IPM 2023	PDF	[N/A]
GraphCEN	Zero-shot Node Classification with Graph Contrastive Embedding Network	TMLR 2023	PDF	[N/A]

1.2 Edge-Level Class Imbalance

1.2.1 Few-Shot Link Prediction

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
EA-GAT	Few-Shot Link Prediction for Event-Based Social Networks via Meta-learning	DASFAA 2023	PDF	[N/A]
EA-GAT	Few-Shot Link Prediction for Event-Based Social Networks via Meta-learning	DASFAA 2023	PDF	PyTorch
MLAN	Meta-learning adaptation network for few-shot link prediction in heterogeneous social networks	IPM 2023	PDF	[N/A]

1.2.2 Edge-Level Anomaly Detection

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
AddGraph	AddGraph: Anomaly Detection in Dynamic Graph Using Attention-based Temporal GCN	IJCAI 2019	PDF	PyTorch
NEDM	A Nodes' Evolution Diversity Inspired Method to Detect Anomalies in Dynamic Social Networks	TKDE 2019	PDF	[N/A]
	Anomaly detection in the dynamics of web and social networks using associative memory	WWW 2019	PDF	[N/A]
AANE	AANE: Anomaly Aware Network Embedding for Anomalous Link Detection	ICDM 2020	PDF	[N/A]
StrGNN	Structural Temporal Graph Neural Networks for Anomaly Detection in Dynamic Graphs	CIKM 2021	PDF	PyTorch
F-FADE	F-FADE: Frequency Factorization for Anomaly Detection in Edge Streams	WSDM 2021	PDF	PyTorch
LIFE	Live-Streaming Fraud Detection: A Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network Approach	KDD 2021	PDF	[N/A]
GLAD	Deep Graph Learning for Anomalous Citation Detection	TNNLS 2022	PDF	[N/A]
AnoGraph	Sketch-Based Anomaly Detection in Streaming Graphs	KDD 2023	PDF	C++

1.2.3 Imbalanced Link Classification

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
RIWS	A Linkage-based Doubly Imbalanced Graph Learning Framework for Face Clustering	SDM 2023	PDF	PyTorch

1.3 Graph-Level Class Imbalance

1.3.1 Imbalanced Graph Classification

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
$\text{G}^2\text{GNN}$	Imbalanced Graph Classification via Graph-of-Graph Neural Networks	CIKM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
SGIR	Semi-Supervised Graph Imbalanced Regression	KDD 2023	PDF	PyTorch

1.3.2 Graph-Level Anomaly Detection

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
STREAMSPOT	Fast Memory-efficient Anomaly Detection in Streaming Heterogeneous Graphs	KDD 2016	PDF	Python
Graph-TPP	Query-Driven Discovery of Anomalous Subgraphs in Attributed Graphs	IJCAI 2017	PDF	[N/A]
AMEN	Discovering Communities and Anomalies in Attributed Graphs: Interactive Visual Exploration and Summarization	TKDD 2018	PDF	[N/A]
	Concept Drift and Anomaly Detection in Graph Streams	TNNLS 2018	PDF	[N/A]
Query-map	Uncovering specific-shape graph anomalies in attributed graphs	AAAI 2019	PDF	[N/A]
ASD-FT	Anomaly Subgraph Detection with Feature Transfer	CIKM 2020	PDF	[N/A]
MTAD-GAT	Multivariate Time-series Anomaly Detection via Graph Attention Network	ICDM 2020	PDF	TensorFlow
GraphAnoGAN	GraphAnoGAN: Detecting Anomalous Snapshots from Attributed Graphs	PKDD 2021	PDF	TensorFlow
GLocalKD	Deep Graph-level Anomaly Detection by Glocal Knowledge Distillation	WSDM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
OCGTL	Raising the Bar in Graph-level Anomaly Detection	IJCAI 2022	PDF	PyTorch
AS-GA	Unsupervised Deep Subgraph Anomaly Detection	CIKM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
AntiBenford	AntiBenford Subgraphs: Unsupervised Anomaly Detection in Financial Networks	KDD 2022	PDF	Python
CNSS	Calibrated Nonparametric Scan Statistics for Anomalous Pattern Detection in Graphs	AAAI 2022	PDF	[N/A]
ACGPMiner	Efficient Anomaly Detection in Property Graphs	DASFAA 2023	PDF	[N/A]
GmapAD	Towards Graph-level Anomaly Detection via Deep Evolutionary Mapping	KDD 2023	PDF	PyTorch
SIGNET	Towards Self-Interpretable Graph-Level Anomaly Detection	NeurIPS 2023	PDF	Pytorch
IGAD-CF	Imbalanced Graph-Level Anomaly Detection via Counterfactual Augmentation and Feature Learning	SSDBM 2024	PDF	PyTorch

1.3.3 Few-Shot Graph Classification

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
AS-MAML	Adaptive-Step Graph Meta-Learner for Few-Shot Graph Classification	CIKM 2020	PDF	PyTorch
	Few-Shot Learning on Graphs via Super-Classes based on Graph Spectral Measures	ICLR 2020	PDF	PyTorch
PAR	Property-Aware Relation Networks for Few-Shot Molecular Property Prediction	NeurIPS 2021	PDF	PyTorch
Meta-MGNN	Few-Shot Graph Learning for Molecular Property Prediction	WWW 2021	PDF	PyTorch
FAITH	FAITH: Few-Shot Graph Classification with Hierarchical Task Graphs	IJCAI-ECAI 2022	PDF	PyTorch
	Metric Based Few-Shot Graph Classification	LoG 2022	PDF	PyTorch
	Cross-Domain Few-Shot Graph Classification	AAAI 2022	PDF	[N/A]
Temp-GFSM	Meta-Learned Metrics over Multi-Evolution Temporal Graphs	KDD 2022	PDF	PyTorch
	Graph Neural Network Expressivity and Meta-Learning for Molecular Property Regression	LoG 2022	PDF	[N/A]
ADKF-IFT	Meta-learning Adaptive Deep Kernel Gaussian Processes for Molecular Property Prediction	ICLR 2023	PDF	PyTorch
MTA	Meta-Learning with Motif-based Task Augmentation for Few-Shot Molecular Property Prediction	SDM 2023	PDF	[N/A]
CDTC	Cross-Domain Few-Shot Graph Classification with a Reinforced Task Coordinator	AAAI 2023	PDF	PyTorch

2. Structure Imbalance

2.1 Node-Level Structure Imbalance

2.1.1 Imbalanced Node Degrees

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
Demo-Net	DEMO-Net: Degree-specific Graph Neural Networks for Node and Graph Classification	KDD 2019	PDF	TensorFlow
SL-DSGCN	Investigating and Mitigating Degree-Related Biases in Graph Convolutional Networks	CIKM 2020	PDF	[N/A]
DHGAT	A Dual Heterogeneous Graph Attention Network to Improve Long-Tail Performance for Shop Search in E-Commerce	KDD 2020	PDF	[N/A]
meta-tail2vec	Towards Locality-Aware Meta-Learning of Tail Node Embeddings on Networks	CIKM 2020	PDF	TensorFlow
Tail-GNN	Tail-GNN: Tail-Node Graph Neural Networks	KDD 2021	PDF	PyTorch
	Pre-Training Graph Neural Networks for Cold-Start Users and Items Representation	WSDM 2021	PDF	TensorFlow
Residual2Vec	Residual2Vec: Debiasing graph embedding with random graphs	NeurIPS 2021	PDF	PyTorch
CenGCN	CenGCN: Centralized Convolutional Networks with Vertex Imbalance for Scale-Free Graphs	TKDE 2022	PDF	[N/A]
MetaDyGNN	Few-shot Link Prediction in Dynamic Networks	WSDM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
Cold Brew	Cold Brew: Distilling Graph Node Representations with Incomplete or Missing Neighborhoods	ICLR 2022	PDF	PyTorch
BLADE	BLADE: Biased Neighborhood Sampling based Graph Neural Network for Directed Graphs	WSDM 2023	PDF	[N/A]
SAILOR	SAILOR: Structural Augmentation Based Tail Node Representation Learning	KDD 2023	PDF	PyTorch

2.1.2 Node Topology Imbalance

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
ReNode	Topology-Imbalance Learning for Semi-Supervised Node Classification	NeurIPS 2021	PDF	PyTorch
PASTEL	Position-aware Structure Learning for Graph Topology-imbalance by Relieving Under-reaching and Over-squashing	CIKM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
HyperIMBA	Hyperbolic Geometric Graph Representation Learning for Hierarchy-imbalance Node Classification	WWW 2023	PDF	PyTorch
QTIAH-GNN	QTIAH-GNN: Quantity and Topology Imbalance-aware Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network for Bankruptcy Prediction	KDD 2023	PDF	PyTorch

2.1.3 Long-Tail Entity Embedding on KGs

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
GEN	Learning to Extrapolate Knowledge: Transductive Few-shot Out-of-Graph Link Prediction	NeurIPS 2020	PDF	PyTorch
DAT	Degree-Aware Alignment for Entities in Tail	SIGIR 2020	PDF	PyTorch
OKELE	Open Knowledge Enrichment for Long-tail Entities	WWW 2020	PDF	TensorFlow
MaKEr	Meta-Learning Based Knowledge Extrapolation for Knowledge Graphs in the Federated Setting	IJCAI 2022	PDF	PyTorch
MorsE	Meta-Knowledge Transfer for Inductive Knowledge Graph Embedding	SIGIR 2022	PDF	PyTorch
MTKGE	Meta-Learning Based Knowledge Extrapolation for Temporal Knowledge Graph	WWW 2023	PDF	[N/A]
KG-Mixup	Toward Degree Bias in Embedding-Based Knowledge Graph Completion	WWW 2023	PDF	PyTorch

2.2 Edge-Level Structure Imbalance

2.2.1 Few-Shot Relation Classification

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
Gmatching	One-Shot Relational Learning for Knowledge Graphs	EMNLP 2018	PDF	PyTorch
Proto-HATT	Hybrid Attention-Based Prototypical Networks for Noisy Few-Shot Relation Classification	AAAI 2019	PDF	PyTorch
MetaR	Meta Relational Learning for Few-Shot Link Prediction in Knowledge Graphs	EMNLP 2019	PDF	PyTorch
	Tackling Long-Tailed Relations and Uncommon Entities in Knowledge Graph Completion	EMNLP-IJCNLP 2019	PDF	PyTorch
FSRL	Few-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion	AAAI 2020	PDF	PyTorch
FAAN	Adaptive Attentional Network for Few-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion	EMNLP 2020	PDF	PyTorch
Mick	MICK: A Meta-Learning Framework for Few-shot Relation Classification with Small Training Data	CIKM 2020	PDF	PyTorch
Neural Snowball	Neural Snowball for Few-Shot Relation Learning	AAAI 2020	PDF	PyTorch
REFORM	REFORM: Error-Aware Few-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion	CIKM 2021	PDF	PyTorch
P-INT	P-INT: A Path-based Interaction Model for Few-shot Knowledge Graph Completion	EMNLP 2021	PDF	PyTorch
MetaP	MetaP: Meta Pattern Learning for One-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion	SIGIR 2021	PDF	PyTorch
MTransH	Relational Learning with Gated and Attentive Neighbor Aggregator for Few-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion	SIGIR 2021	PDF	PyTorch
KEFDA	Knowledge-Enhanced Domain Adaptation in Few-Shot Relation Classification	KDD 2021	PDF	PyTorch
IAN	Multi-view Interaction Learning for Few-Shot Relation Classification	CIKM 2021	PDF	[N/A]
HMNet	HMNet: Hybrid Matching Network for Few-Shot Link Prediction	DASFAA 2021	PDF	[N/A]
APN-LW-JRL	Adaptive Prototypical Networks with Label Words and Joint Representation Learning for Few-Shot Relation Classification	TNNLS 2021	PDF	[N/A]
GMUC	Gaussian Metric Learning for Few-Shot Uncertain Knowledge Graph Completion	DASFAA 2021	PDF	PyTorch
FAEA	Function-words Enhanced Attention Networks for Few-Shot Inverse Relation Classification	IJCAI 2022	PDF	PyTorch
MULTIFORM	MULTIFORM: Few-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion via Multi-modal Contexts	ECML-PKDD 2022	PDF	[N/A]
GAPNM	Granularity-Aware Area Prototypical Network With Bimargin Loss for Few Shot Relation Classification	TKDE 2022	PDF	[N/A]
Meta-iKG	Subgraph-aware Few-Shot Inductive Link Prediction via Meta-Learning	TKDE 2022	PDF	[N/A]
	Improving Few-Shot Relation Classification by Prototypical Representation Learning with Definition Text	NAACL 2022	PDF	[N/A]
CIAN	Learning Inter-Entity-Interaction for Few-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion	EMNLP 2022	PDF	PyTorch
HiRe	Hierarchical Relational Learning for Few-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion	ICLR 2023	PDF	PyTorch
NP-FKGC	Normalizing Flow-based Neural Process for Few-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion	SIGIR 2023	PDF	PyTorch

2.2.2 Zero-Shot Relation Classification

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
ZSGAN	Generative Adversarial Zero-Shot Relational Learning for Knowledge Graphs	AAAI 2020	PDF	PyTorch
ZSLRC	Zero-shot Relation Classification from Side Information	CIKM 2021	PDF	PyTorch

2.2.3 Few-Shot Reasoning on KGs

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
Meta-KGR	Adapting Meta Knowledge Graph Information for Multi-Hop Reasoning over Few-Shot Relations	EMNLP-IJCNLP 2019	PDF	PyTorch
FIRE	Few-Shot Multi-Hop Relation Reasoning over Knowledge Bases	EMNLP 2020	PDF	[N/A]
THML	When Hardness Makes a Difference: Multi-Hop Knowledge Graph Reasoning over Few-Shot Relations	CIKM 2021	PDF	[N/A]
ADK-KG	Adapting Distilled Knowledge for Few-shot Relation Reasoning over Knowledge Graphs	SDM 2022	PDF	PyTorch

2.3 Graph-Level Structure Imbalance

2.3.1 Imbalanced Graph Sizes

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
SOLT-GNN	On Size-Oriented Long-Tailed Graph Classification of Graph Neural Networks	WWW 2022	PDF	PyTorch

2.3.2 Imbalanced Topology Groups

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
TopoImb	TopoImb: Toward Topology-level Imbalance in Learning from Graphs	LoG 2022	PDF	[N/A]

3. Other Related Literature

3.1 Fairness Learning on Graphs

Name	Title	Venue	Paper	Code
CFC	Compositional fairness constraints for graph embeddings	ICML 2019	PDF	PyTorch
	Exploring algorithmic fairness in robust graph covering problems	NIPS 2019	PDF	PyTorch
Fairwalk	Fairwalk: Towards fair graph embedding	IJCAI 2019	PDF	Python
	Spectral relaxations and fair densest subgraphs	CIKM 2020	PDF	[N/A]
	Fairness-aware explainable recommendation over knowledge graphs	SIGIR 2020	PDF	N/A
MaxFair	On the information unfairness of social networks	SDM 2020	PDF	[N/A]
FairGNN	Say no to the discrimination: Learning fair graph neural networks with limited sensitive attribute information	WSDM 2021	PDF	PyTorch
InFoRM	Inform: Individual fairness on graph mining	KDD 2020	PDF	Python
DeBayes	Debayes: a bayesian method for debiasing network embeddings	ICML 2020	PDF	Python
MLSD	Fairness in network representation by latent structural heterogeneity in observational data	AAAI 2020	PDF	[N/A]
REDRESS	Individual fairness for graph neural networks: A ranking based approach	KDD 2021	PDF	TensorFlow
FairGAE	Fair graph auto-encoder for unbiased graph representations with wasserstein distance	ICDM 2021	PDF	[N/A]
MCCNIFTY	A multi-view confidence-calibrated framework for fair and stable graph representation learning	ICDM 2021	PDF	[N/A]
	Certification and trade-off of multiple fairness criteria in graph-based spam detection	CIKM 2021	PDF	[N/A]
Fairness-Aware PageRank	Fairness-aware pagerank	WWW 2021	PDF	Python & C++
FairAdj	On dyadic fairness: Exploring and mitigating bias in graph connections	ICLR 2021	PDF	PyTorch
	Subgroup generalization and fair- ness of graph neural networks	NIPS 2021	PDF	PyTorch
MMSS	Socially fair mitigation of misinformation on social networks via constraint stochastic optimization	AAAI 2022	PDF	Python
CrossWalk	Crosswalk: Fairness-enhanced node representation learning	AAAI 2022	PDF	Scikit-Learn
FairDrop	Fairdrop: Biased edge dropout for enhancing fairness in graph representation learning	IEEE Trans. Artif. Intell. 2022	PDF	PyTorch
FairVGNN	Improving fairness in graph neural networks via mitigating sensitive attribute leakage	KDD 2022	PDF	PyTorch
GUIDE	Guide: Group equality informed individual fairness in graph neural networks	KDD 2022	PDF	PyTorch
REFEREE	On structural explanation of bias in graph neural networks	KDD 2022	PDF	PyTorch
UD-GNN	UD-GNN: uncertainty-aware debiased training on semi-homophilous graphs	KDD 2022	PDF	N/A
GEAR	Learning fair node representations with graph counterfactual fairness	WSDM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
EDITS	Edits: Modeling and mitigating data bias for graph neural networks	WWW 2022	PDF	PyTorch
UGE	Unbiased graph embedding with biased graph observations	WWW 2022	PDF	PyTorch
	Adversarial inter-group link injection degrades the fairness of graph neural networks	ICDM 2022	PDF	PyTorch
BA-GNN	Ba-gnn:On learning bias-aware graph neural network	ICDE 2022	PDF	[N/A]
FairAC	Fair attribute completion on graph with missing attributes	ICLR 2023	PDF	PyTorch
Graphair	Learning fair graph representations via automated data augmentations	ICLR 2023	PDF	PyTorch
FAIRTCIM	On the fairness of time-critical influence maximization in social networks	TKDE 2023	PDF	[N/A]
CGF	Path-specific causal fair prediction via auxiliary graph structure learning	WWW 2023	PDF	[N/A]
F-SEGA	Fairness-aware clique-preserving spectral clustering of temporal graphs	WWW 2023	PDF	N/A
G-Fame	Fair graph representation learning via diverse mixture-of-experts	WWW 2023	PDF	[N/A]
RELIANT	RELIANT: Fair Knowledge Distillation for Graph Neural Networks	ICDM 2023	PDF	PyTorch

Acknowledgements

This page is contributed and maintained by Zemin Liu (zeminliu@nus.edu.sg), Yuan Li (li.yuan@nus.edu.sg), and Nan Chen (nanchen@nus.edu.sg). If you have any suggestions or questions, please feel free to contact us.