Run Playwright tests using AI.
- Install
auto-playwrightdependency:
npm install auto-playwright -D- This package relies on talking with OpenAI (https://openai.com/). You must export the API token as an enviroment variable or add it to your
.envfile:
export OPENAI_API_KEY='sk-..."- Import and use the
autofunction:
import { test, expect } from "@playwright/test";
import { auto } from "auto-playwright";
test("auto Playwright example", async ({ page }) => {
await page.goto("/");
// `auto` can query data
// In this case, the result is plain-text contents of the header
const headerText = await auto("get the header text", { page, test });
// `auto` can perform actions
// In this case, auto will find and fill in the search text input
await auto(`Type "${headerText}" in the search box`, { page, test });
// `auto` can assert the state of the website
// In this case, the result is a boolean outcome
const searchInputHasHeaderText = await auto(`Is the contents of the search box equal to "${headerText}"?`, { page, test });
expect(searchInputHasHeaderText).toBe(true);
});Include the StepOptions type with the values needed for connecting to Azure OpenAI.
import { test, expect } from "@playwright/test";
import { auto } from "auto-playwright";
import { StepOptions } from "../src/types";
const apiKey = "apikey";
const resource = "azure-resource-name";
const model = "model-deployment-name";
const options: StepOptions = {
model: model,
openaiApiKey: apiKey,
openaiBaseUrl: `https://${resource}.openai.azure.com/openai/deployments/${model}`,
openaiDefaultQuery: { 'api-version': "2023-07-01-preview" },
openaiDefaultHeaders: { 'api-key': apiKey }
};
test("auto Playwright example", async ({ page }) => {
await page.goto("/");
// `auto` can query data
// In this case, the result is plain-text contents of the header
const headerText = await auto("get the header text", { page, test }, options);
// `auto` can perform actions
// In this case, auto will find and fill in the search text input
await auto(`Type "${headerText}" in the search box`, { page, test }, options);
// `auto` can assert the state of the website
// In this case, the result is a boolean outcome
const searchInputHasHeaderText = await auto(`Is the contents of the search box equal to "${headerText}"?`, { page, test }, options);
expect(searchInputHasHeaderText).toBe(true);
});At minimum, the auto function requires a plain text prompt and an argument that contains your page and test (optional) objects.
auto("<your prompt>", { page, test });Running without the test parameter:
import { chromium } from "playwright";
import { auto } from "auto-playwright";
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch({ headless: true });
const context = await browser.newContext();
const page = await context.newPage();
// Navigate to a website
await page.goto("https://www.example.com");
// `auto` can query data
// In this case, the result is plain-text contents of the header
const res = await auto("get the header text", { page });
// use res.query to get a query result.
console.log(res);
await page.close();
})();You may pass a debug attribute as the third parameter to the auto function. This will print the prompt and the commands executed by OpenAI.
await auto("get the header text", { page, test }, { debug: true });You may also set environment variable AUTO_PLAYWRIGHT_DEBUG=true, which will enable debugging for all auto calls.
export AUTO_PLAYWRIGHT_DEBUG=trueEvery browser that Playwright supports.
There are additional options you can pass as a third argument:
const options = {
// If true, debugging information is printed in the console.
debug: boolean,
// The OpenAI model (https://platform.openai.com/docs/models/overview)
model: "gpt-4-1106-preview",
// The OpenAI API key
openaiApiKey: 'sk-...',
};
auto("<your prompt>", { page, test }, options);Depending on the type of action (inferred by the auto function), there are different behaviors and return types.
An action (e.g. "click") is some simulated user interaction with the page, e.g. a click on a link. Actions will return `undefined`` if they were successful and will throw an error if they failed, e.g.
try {
await auto("click the link", { page, test });
} catch (e) {
console.error("failed to click the link");
}A query will return requested data from the page as a string, e.g.
const linkText = await auto("Get the text of the first link", { page, test });
console.log("The link text is", linkText);An assertion is a question that will return true or false, e.g.
const thereAreThreeLinks = await auto("Are there 3 links on the page?", {
page,
test,
});
console.log(`"There are 3 links" is a ${thereAreThreeLinks} statement`);| Aspect | Conventional Approach | Testing with Auto Playwright |
|---|---|---|
| Coupling with Markup | Strongly linked to the application's markup. | Eliminates the use of selectors; actions are determined by the AI assistant at runtime. |
| Speed of Implementation | Slower implementation due to the need for precise code translation for each action. | Rapid test creation using simple, plain text instructions for actions and assertions. |
| Handling Complex Scenarios | Automating complex scenarios is challenging and prone to frequent failures. | Facilitates testing of complex scenarios by focusing on the intended test outcomes. |
| Test Writing Timing | Can only write tests after the complete development of the functionality. | Enables a Test-Driven Development (TDD) approach, allowing test writing concurrent with or before functionality development. |
locator.blurlocator.boundingBoxlocator.checklocator.clearlocator.clicklocator.countlocator.filllocator.getAttributelocator.innerHTMLlocator.innerTextlocator.inputValuelocator.isCheckedlocator.isEditablelocator.isEnabledlocator.isVisiblelocator.textContentlocator.uncheckpage.goto
Adding new actions is easy: just update the functions in src/completeTask.ts.
This library is free. However, there are costs associated with using OpenAI. You can find more information about pricing here: https://openai.com/pricing/.
Example
Using https://ray.run/ as an example, the cost of running a test step is approximately $0.01 using GPT-4 Turbo (and $0.001 using GPT-3.5 Turbo).
The low cost is in part because auto-playwright uses HTML sanitization to reduce the payload size, e.g. What follows is the payload that would be submitted for https://ray.run/.
Naturally, the price will vary dramatically depending on the payload.
<div class="cYdhWw dKnOgO geGbZz bGoBgk jkEels">
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Resources for learning end-to-end testing using Playwright automation
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></div>
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<div class="cYdhWw dpjphg cqUdSC fasMpP">
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<p>Ask ChatGPT Playwright questions.</p>
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</div></a
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href="/discord-forum"
><div class="plfYl bccLBY hSiiri fNBpvX">Discord Forum</div>
<div class="jqqjPD fWDXZB pKTba bBmAxp hSiiri evbPEu">
<p>Archive of Discord Forum posts about Playwright.</p>
</div></a
><a
class="gacSWM dCgFix conipm knkqUc bddCnd dTKJOB leOtqz hEzNkW fNBBKe jTWvec fIMbrO fzozfU group"
href="/videos"
><div class="plfYl bccLBY hSiiri fNBpvX">Videos</div>
<div class="jqqjPD fWDXZB pKTba bBmAxp hSiiri evbPEu">
<p>Tutorials, conference talks, and release videos.</p>
</div></a
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href="/browser-extension"
><div class="plfYl bccLBY hSiiri fNBpvX">Browser Extension</div>
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<p>GUI for generating Playwright locators.</p>
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><div class="plfYl bccLBY hSiiri fNBpvX">QA Wiki</div>
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>
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>
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</div>The auto function uses sanitize-html to sanitize the HTML of the page before sending it to OpenAI. This is done to reduce cost and improve the quality of the generated text.
This project draws its inspiration from ZeroStep. ZeroStep offers a similar API but with a more robust implementation through its proprietary backend. Auto Playwright was created with the aim of exploring the underlying technology of ZeroStep and establishing a basis for an open-source version of their software. For production environments, I suggest opting for ZeroStep.
Here's a side-by-side comparison of Auto Playwright and ZeroStep:
| Criteria | Auto Playwright | ZeroStep |
|---|---|---|
| Uses OpenAI API | Yes | No1 |
| Uses plain-text prompts | Yes | No |
Uses functions SDK |
Yes | No |
| Uses HTML sanitization | Yes | No |
| Uses Playwright API | Yes | No2 |
| Uses screenshots | No | Yes |
| Uses queue | No | Yes |
| Uses WebSockets | No | Yes |
| Snapshots | HTML | DOM |
| Implements parallelism | No | Yes |
| Allows scrolling | No | Yes |
| Provides fixtures | No | Yes |
| License | MIT | MIT |
Zero Step License
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2023 Reflect Software Inc
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
