Use ruff for linting and formatting #603

Job	Run time
Lint (3.11)	35s
Type checking (3.8)	2m 42s
Type checking (3.9)	2m 38s
Unit tests (ubuntu-latest, 3.8)	1m 54s
Unit tests (ubuntu-latest, 3.9)	1m 55s
Unit tests (ubuntu-latest, 3.10)	1m 42s
Unit tests (ubuntu-latest, 3.11)	1m 52s
Unit tests (ubuntu-latest, 3.12-dev)	2m 39s
Unit tests (windows-latest, 3.8)	2m 36s
Unit tests (windows-latest, 3.9)	2m 39s
Unit tests (windows-latest, 3.10)	2m 40s
Unit tests (windows-latest, 3.11)	2m 40s
Unit tests (windows-latest, 3.12-dev)	2m 42s
Unit tests (macos-latest, 3.8)	2m 32s
Unit tests (macos-latest, 3.9)	2m 22s
Unit tests (macos-latest, 3.10)	2m 38s
Unit tests (macos-latest, 3.11)	2m 40s
Unit tests (macos-latest, 3.12-dev)	2m 52s
	42m 18s

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