Update Docker base image and system libraries

[artmatsak]

Description

python:3.11.7-slim-bookworm has a few critical vulnerabilities by now. This PR updates the Docker base image to python:3.11.11-slim-bookworm, as well as bumps the versions of the explicitly installed system libraries accordingly.

How Has This Been Tested?

Build the Docker images and run a local fork of the app.

Accepted Risk (provide if relevant)

N/A

Related Issue(s) (provide if relevant)

N/A

Mental Checklist:

• All of the automated tests pass
• All PR comments are addressed and marked resolved
• If there are migrations, they have been rebased to latest main
• If there are new dependencies, they are added to the requirements
• If there are new environment variables, they are added to all of the deployment methods
• If there are new APIs that don't require auth, they are added to PUBLIC_ENDPOINT_SPECS
• Docker images build and basic functionalities work
• Author has done a final read through of the PR right before merge

Backporting (check the box to trigger backport action)

Note: You have to check that the action passes, otherwise resolve the conflicts manually and tag the patches.

• This PR should be backported (make sure to check that the backport attempt succeeds)

[vercel]

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