Create insertionSort.c

Insertion sort is a simple and efficient sorting algorithm that builds a sorted array one element at a time. It works by iterating through an input list and for each element, inserting it into its correct position in the already sorted portion of the list.

C/insertionSort.c

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+#include <stdio.h>
+
+void insertionSort(int arr[], int n) {
+    int i, key, j;
+    for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
+        key = arr[i];
+        j = i - 1;
+
+        // Move elements of arr[0..i-1], that are greater than key,
+        // to one position ahead of their current position
+        while (j >= 0 && arr[j] > key) {
+            arr[j + 1] = arr[j];
+            j = j - 1;
+        }
+        arr[j + 1] = key;
+    }
+}
+
+void printArray(int arr[], int n) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
+        printf("%d ", arr[i]);
+    printf("\n");
+}
+
+int main() {
+    int arr[] = {12, 11, 13, 5, 6};
+    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
+
+    printf("Original array: \n");
+    printArray(arr, n);
+
+    insertionSort(arr, n);
+
+    printf("Sorted array: \n");
+    printArray(arr, n);
+    return 0;
+}